Renal Overview Flashcards
the kidney is subject to regulation by
- hormones
- autonomic nervous system
what does the interlobular artery feed into
- afferent arteriole
what is the vasa recta
- specialized peritubular capillaries
most renal blood flow occurs in the
- cortex
components of the glomerulus
- glomerular capillaries
- Bowman’s capsule
main purpose of Bowman’s capsule
- filtration of plasma into Bowman’s space
role of proximal tubule
- reabsorbs all glucose and amino acids, bicarb, ions, and water, and 50% of urea
- secretes H+ and some drugs, pollutants, and para-amino hippurate
role of loop of henle
- creates hyperosmotic medullary interstitium
- separates reabsorption of water from reabsorption of solutes
- important for concentrating urine
role of early distal tubule
- dilute urine
- further reabsorption of Na+ causes additional dilution of forming urine
role of late distal tubule/collecting duct
- hormones fine tune ion and water reabsorption
which hormones fine tune ion and water reabsorption
- ADH
- aldosterone
- ANP
osmolality of tubular fluid in proximal tubule
- isosmotic
osmolality of tubular fluid in loop of henle - enters how
- enters isosmotic
osmolality of tubular fluid in loop of henle - bend of the loop of Henle is
- hyperosmotic
osmolality of tubular fluid in loop of henle - exits
- hypo-osmotic
early distal tubule reabsorbs
- Na+ (but not water)
osmolality of tubular fluid in early distal tubule
- hypo osmotic
osmolality of tubular fluid in late distal tubule and collecting duct
- from hypo osmotic to hyper osmotic depending on hormonal regulation
main purpose of juxtaglomerular apparatus
- regulates fluid balance
- important for RAAS
JGA formed by
- specialized cells of afferent arteriole and distal tubule
role of JGA cells
- release renin into the blood
renin released from JGA cells is stimulated by
- decreased NaCl delivery to the macula densa
- increased sympathetic efferent activity
- decreased stretch of JG cell from decreased arterial BP
effects of angiotensin II
- constrict cardiovascular system
- efferent arteriole constriction
- activates Na+/H+ exchanger in the proximal tubule
- increased ADH release
