Case Studies Flashcards
1
Q
acute hyponatremia happens after how many hours
what about chronic
A
- < 12-48
- > 72
2
Q
which has greater mortality - acute or chronic hyponatremia
A
- acute
3
Q
causes of death of acute and chronic hyponatremia
A
- cerebral edema
- brain herniation
- rare in chronic
4
Q
how does hyponatremia cause brain swelling
A
- brain is now hypertonic to cerebral fluid
- water rushes into brain
5
Q
clinical settings in which acute hyponatremia can develop
A
- post operative SIADH
- marathon runners
- psychogenic polydipsia
- ecstasy
6
Q
what is the goal serum sodium concentration you want to increase by in treatment of symptomatic hyponatremia
what is the treatment
A
4-6 mEq/L
3% saline
7
Q
if you produce > 3 liters of urine per day, what is the next thing to check?
A
- osmolarity of the urine
8
Q
if you produce > 3 liters of urine per day and Usom < 200 mOsm/kg, what is that called?
what are conditions that could cause this?
A
- water diuresis
- diabetes insipidus
- primary polydipsia
9
Q
if you produce > 3 liters of urine per day and Usom > 300 mOsm/kg, what is that called?
A
- osmotic or solute diuresis
