Renal Summary Q's

Question 1

why NSAIDS/gent/ACEi risk aki

Answer 1

prevent dilation of afferent arteriole
gent = PCT toxicity
ACE - when given to RAS patients or dehydrated patients

Question 2

what might be abnormal on blood tests of someone wih acute interstitual nephritis

Answer 2

IgE UP

Question 3

process when investigating Oliguria

Answer 3

1. Obstruction
2. Dehydrated/ Hypovol
3. AKI

Question 4

hyperKal ECG effects

Answer 4

tall tented t-waves, longer PR, absent p, broad QRS

Question 5

basic treatment for all GN’s

Answer 5

reduce BP and oedema,
avoid any potential co-ag risks
+/- immunosupp

Question 6

what might be seen in question regarding amyloidosis

Answer 6

congo red stain

Question 7

causes of raised Urea and Creat

Answer 7

u - internal blood digestion, dehydration, acute or chrnic kidney damage, trauma, major surgery, extreme starvation with muscle breakdown, high protein diet
c - Fluid balance issues, medications, radiocontrast exposure, and worsening of comorbid conditions, aki on chronic

Question 8

complications of RRT

Answer 8

cv disease (MI/CVA), renal bone disease, sepsis, amyloid accum –> carpal tunnel, malignancy

Question 9

positives and neg for each dialysis

Answer 9

Ultrafiltration - very little haemodynamic instability caused/ takes longer than haemoD

Haemodyalysis - very fast // hypotension, needs AV fistula

Peritoneal Dialysis - can do it whilst asleep / risks defuncitoning peritoneum + infection (peritonitis)

Question 10

most important to assess in AKI

Answer 10

RIFLE criteria : UO and creatinine

Question 11

if at any point in the stem a prev admission to hospital is mentioned alongside ??AKI, what might be a cause?

Answer 11

contrast imaging dye