Ophtho Summary Q's Flashcards
BACT VIRAL ALLERGIC conjunctivits CF
BACT - purulent discharge, cant open eye, red, itch, UNILAT
VIRAL - watery discharge, red eye, itch, FOLLICLES, BILAT
ALLERGIC - BILAT, mucousy
causes of ant uveitis (5)
RA, ank spond, TB, sarcoid, IBD
6 CF of acute glaucoma - PPHHVR
hard eye, hazy eye, painful, pupil semi dil, red eye , visual acuity loss,
RF’s for refractive eye (2) and complications for each
DM / genetic
comp - myopia (open angle glauc / retinal detachment)
hypermetropia (closed angle glauc / early presbyopia )
cause of cataracts (5 D’s)
dehydration+ diarr, diabetes, daylight, disease of the eye (uveitis), DNA
CF of cataracts?
loss of vision, no red reflex, decrease night vision
screening triad of glaucoma?
IOP, cup:disc ratio, visual field loss
4 main drugs used in chronic glaucoma?
latanoprost (prostaglandin)
timolol (B Blocker)
pilocarpine (miotic)
acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhib)
treating acute angle closure glaucoma?
IV acetazolamide
mannitol
pilocarpine
CALL OPHTHO
surg –> laser iridotomy
AMD RF’s
age / smoking
DRY and WET AMD CF
dry - gradual loss of centrl vision, drussen deposition
wet - sudden loss of vision, neo vasc from choroid and haem into retina / distortion
treating wet AMD
anti VEGf +/- laser photo-coag
retinal detachment CF (4 f’s)
floaters, flashes, field loss, fall in acuity
what might be seen on a patients fundus with chronic glaucoma?
increase cup:disc
atrophy disc
notching optic disc
haemorhages
causes (bilat) gradual visino loss
dry AMD, cataract, DM retinopathy, refractive changes, optic neuritis, glaucoma
causes sudden visino loss
wet AMD, CRAO, CRVO, stroke, retinal detachment
unilat vision loss
CRAO, CRVO, optic neuritis,
painful eyes
corneal abrasian/ulcer / uveitis / acute glaucoma / optic neuritis
patient with uncontrolled hypertension gets his eyes checked, what would you see on fundus?
AV nipping/attenuation
flame haemorhages
silver/copper wiring
papiloedema
RF/C CRVO and CRAO
CRVO - DM, glaucoma, hypertension
CRAO - atherosclerosis/coronary artery disease / ?DM?
what might be seen in thyroid eye disease? (4)
exopthalmus, opthalmoplegia (photophobia, diplopia) lid retraction
3 endocrine diseases which affect the eyes?
thyroid, DM, acromegaly
what might cause an RAPD?
optic neuritis, glaucoma
what might you treat a patient with painful eyes if you werent sure conjunctivits or ulcer?
chloramphenicol drops
DDX acute red eye?
acute angle closure glaucoma, corneal ulcer, conjunctivits, uveitis
