Ophtho Summary Q's

Question 1

BACT VIRAL ALLERGIC conjunctivits CF

Answer 1

BACT - purulent discharge, cant open eye, red, itch, UNILAT
VIRAL - watery discharge, red eye, itch, FOLLICLES, BILAT
ALLERGIC - BILAT, mucousy

Question 2

causes of ant uveitis (5)

Answer 2

RA, ank spond, TB, sarcoid, IBD

Question 3

6 CF of acute glaucoma - PPHHVR

Answer 3

hard eye, hazy eye, painful, pupil semi dil, red eye , visual acuity loss,

Question 4

RF’s for refractive eye (2) and complications for each

Answer 4

DM / genetic

comp - myopia (open angle glauc / retinal detachment)
hypermetropia (closed angle glauc / early presbyopia )

Question 5

cause of cataracts (5 D’s)

Answer 5

dehydration+ diarr, diabetes, daylight, disease of the eye (uveitis), DNA

Question 6

CF of cataracts?

Answer 6

loss of vision, no red reflex, decrease night vision

Question 7

screening triad of glaucoma?

Answer 7

IOP, cup:disc ratio, visual field loss

Question 8

4 main drugs used in chronic glaucoma?

Answer 8

latanoprost (prostaglandin)
timolol (B Blocker)
pilocarpine (miotic)
acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhib)

Question 9

treating acute angle closure glaucoma?

Answer 9

IV acetazolamide
mannitol
pilocarpine
CALL OPHTHO

surg –> laser iridotomy

Question 10

AMD RF’s

Answer 10

age / smoking

Question 11

DRY and WET AMD CF

Answer 11

dry - gradual loss of centrl vision, drussen deposition

wet - sudden loss of vision, neo vasc from choroid and haem into retina / distortion

Question 12

treating wet AMD

Answer 12

anti VEGf +/- laser photo-coag

Question 13

retinal detachment CF (4 f’s)

Answer 13

floaters, flashes, field loss, fall in acuity

Question 14

what might be seen on a patients fundus with chronic glaucoma?

Answer 14

increase cup:disc
atrophy disc
notching optic disc
haemorhages

Question 15

causes (bilat) gradual visino loss

Answer 15

dry AMD, cataract, DM retinopathy, refractive changes, optic neuritis, glaucoma

Question 16

causes sudden visino loss

Answer 16

wet AMD, CRAO, CRVO, stroke, retinal detachment

Question 17

unilat vision loss

Answer 17

CRAO, CRVO, optic neuritis,

Question 18

painful eyes

Answer 18

corneal abrasian/ulcer / uveitis / acute glaucoma / optic neuritis

Question 19

patient with uncontrolled hypertension gets his eyes checked, what would you see on fundus?

Answer 19

AV nipping/attenuation
flame haemorhages
silver/copper wiring
papiloedema

Question 20

RF/C CRVO and CRAO

Answer 20

CRVO - DM, glaucoma, hypertension

CRAO - atherosclerosis/coronary artery disease / ?DM?

Question 21

what might be seen in thyroid eye disease? (4)

Answer 21

exopthalmus, opthalmoplegia (photophobia, diplopia) lid retraction

Question 22

3 endocrine diseases which affect the eyes?

Answer 22

thyroid, DM, acromegaly

Question 23

what might cause an RAPD?

Answer 23

optic neuritis, glaucoma

Question 24

what might you treat a patient with painful eyes if you werent sure conjunctivits or ulcer?

Answer 24

chloramphenicol drops

Question 25

DDX acute red eye?

Answer 25

acute angle closure glaucoma, corneal ulcer, conjunctivits, uveitis