Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

*** Exam Medicine > obs and Gyn Summary Q's > Flashcards

obs and Gyn Summary Q's Flashcards

1
Q

what MUST be offered if appropriate following any antepartum haemorhage?

A

Anti D (unless mother is known rhesus positive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cervical CA key facts

A

HPV (16/18) is main cause
examine with colposcope and acetic acid + biopsies if malig seen

If CIN –> LLETZ
If CA –> chemoradiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

endometrial CA key facts

A

any post menopausal bleeding is suspicious

must sample ALL of uterine cavity when investigating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ovarian Ca key facts

A

5 RF’s - nulliparity, early menarche, never used OCP, HRT, fam hx, infertility

3 CFs - abdo dist, weight loss, pain, bladder symp

T - surg and chemo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

GYn CA markers

A

Ca125 AFP BHcG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a newly pregnant woman comes into clinic, what 3 things must you do during this, her first visit.

A

Educate - smoking and alcohol stop, control any chronic dis
Investigate - rhesus, rubella
Treat - give folate and stop any teratogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is used to monitor progress of labour?

A

partogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what effects does oxytocin have?

A

decrease time of 3rd stage, decrease risk PPH // can increase risk MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

contra-indications for giving oxytocin

A

pre eclampsia, hypertension, renal or liver impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

methods of induction

A

membrane sweep, vaginal PGE2, amniotomy and oxytocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pain relief options in labour?

A 
entonox (NO2 and O2) 
opiates (diamorphine - not if delivery imminenet)
combined spinal nerve block
local (episiotomy)
GA (severe complications)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when is anti D given during preg and to who?

A

28/34 weeks, 500Units given to rh -ve mothers and to babies of unknown status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ECV key facts

A

must be >37 weeks
50% success
can revert
ci = PP, oligohyd, pre-eclampsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what can meconium stained liquor indicate, and what is management?

A

fetal distress

  • attach CTG, move to consultant ward
  • aspirate oropharynx, nasopharynx when delivered
  • risk of pneumonitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

fetal distress - what does it indicate, Clinical signs and diag test/outcome

A

hypoxia leading to acidosis
HR goes up >160 / meconium liquor / reduced CTG variability

take blood sample and if pH low then acidotic = emerg section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when would you perform an emergency c section

A

poor progress in labour, breech, abruption, prolapse, severe pre-eclampsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the danger of pre-term rupture of membranes?

A

premature labour, infection (chorioamniotis), fetal mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

APH defintion, causes and management

A

blood loss after 24 weeks
PP, Abruption, Vasa praevia
dont vag exam / ABCDE /

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PPH causes / management template

A

4 T’s // resus, investigate, control bleed, replace defecit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

main causes of maternal shock

A

concealed bleed abruption // sepsis / PE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

define pre-eclampsia

A

elevated BP, proteinuria and oedema in pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

major bleed at 20 weeks is known as…?

A

miscarriage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 tests for downs

A

nuchal translucency and free b hcg

CVS/ amnio , bloods???

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is 4 ways of managing labour

A
  • monitoring baby every 2-4 hours - partogram
  • maternal monitoring (BP, HR, contractions)
  • give oxytocin
  • examine VG and Abdo
25
Q

any mention of severe pre-eclampsia with deranged blood results is known as…

A

HELLP syndrome
haemolysis
elevated liver enzymes
low platelets

26
Q

managment of fibroids, both medical and surgical

A

GnRH analogue or surgical removal (hysterectomy)

27
Q

3 major CF of menopause and treatment for each

A

autonomic - flushing etc – clonidene
oestrogen def - atrophic nipples etc – oest
irreg menstral cycles – depends on heavy/light

28
Q

lady walks in, vag symptoms, what do you do in clinic??

A

speculum and bimanual + high swab/endocervical swab if approp

29
Q

DDx of dyspareunia

A

endometr/PID/STI/cerv ca, scarring

30
Q

dysmenorrhea causes

A

endomet/ ?? / ??

31
Q

PCOS triad + T

A

cyst on ovaries, menstral irreg, hyperandrogenic

lifstyle is most important, maybe metformin +/- OCP?? clomifene

32
Q

PID triad , ivestigation and treatment

A

Pain, Infectious signs, Discharge // vaginal culture // treat with ABx’s

33
Q

diff swabs for diff diseases?

A

High vag - TV / Bact vag / candida
endocerv - gon
endocerv scrub - chlamydia

34
Q

what must be screened for before starting ivf?

A

HIV, Hep B and C

35
Q

what is common DDX for endometriosis?

A

IBS

36
Q

common CF of endometriosis / I / T

A

pain (sex, periods, pooing) subfertility

TV-US or gold standard is laparosopy

T/ depends on trying to conceive or not
YES = surg excision / ablation
NO = stop cycles by OCP/IUD

37
Q

what is endometriosis?

A

chronic oestrogen dependant condition which results in growth of endometrial tissue, outside of the endometrium.
common sites: ovaries,bladder, rectum

38
Q

first line treatment for Urge and Stress incontinence?

A

URGE - bladder retraining#

STRESS - pelvic floor muscle physio

39
Q

what complication of gonorrhea are possible?

A

transfer to neonate
eye infection
throat infection

40
Q

how to treat bact Vag, candida, gonorrhea, chlamydia

A

BV - metro
candida - clotrimazole
gonor - cefixime
chlamydia - doxy

41
Q

broad subfertility causes (5)

A 
Male problem - low sperm, erectile dysfunction, motility
idiopathic 
endometriosis
tubal blockage
no egg - pcos
42
Q

big super painful lump on vulva

A

bartholin cyst, woman cant sit down, surgical drainage

43
Q

diagnostic ovarian CA (4)

A

Ca125 up, histology, CT/US, ascites

44
Q

OCP interactions: side effects of the pill

A

Int - anticonvulsnats,

SE: VTE risk, MI, Breast CA risk

45
Q

when ??pre-eclampsia what investigations show mothers wellbeing?

A

HELLP tests!
LFT’s (enzymes)
U+E’s
FBC (platelets)

46
Q

assessing fetus wellbeing on US, what can be assessed (think acronym)

A

GLAD

growth
liquor
activity
doppler

47
Q

DDx for girl with abdo pain, blood PV and no periods?

Treatment for each (3)

A

PID, ectopic, incomplete miscarriage

abx’s, methotrexate, prostaglandins

48
Q

incomplete miscarriage / ectopic

A

misoprostol or vaccum expulsion / methotrexate or surg (laparoscopy/salpingoscopy)

49
Q

IUGR effects, both peri-natal and in adulthood (3)

A

Peri - N = hypoglyc / infection / jaundice / hypoxia

Adult = DM2, hypertension, thyroid, corornary artery dis

50
Q

RF for PPH

A

PP, multi birth, pre eclamp, prev PPH, energ c sect

51
Q

woman at 29 weeks with small painless vag bleed =

A

PP

52
Q

woman with very low BP at 34 weeks but no bleeding seen in extreme pain =

A

Abruption

53
Q

risk factor for premature labour?

A

smoking, DM, multibirth, aph, polyhydramnios

54
Q

what is normal fetal head presentation?

A

OA

55
Q

What year was term of preg act introduced and what were 4 guidelines?

A

1967

ok if;

56
Q

methods of termination?

A

misoprostol + mifepristone - 15 weeks

57
Q

increase risk of ectopic?

A

structural, prev ectopic, endometriosis, AntiPhos syn?, old IUD

58
Q

Pro’s and Cons of HRT (4 each)

A 
Pro - 
decrease flushing
decrease vag dryness etc
decrease osteoporosis
improve gen quality of life (sleep etc)
Cons - 
increase risk endomet CA
increase risk breast CA
increase risk ovary CA
increase risk VTE
weight gain

*** Exam Medicine (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions