Renal Short Flashcards
Side effects of CN inhibitors?
hypertension nephrotoxicity gum hypertrophy seizures alopecia
Side effects of mycophenolate?
leukopenia
GI upset
Side effects of sirolimus/everolimus?
proteinuria hyperlipidaemia leukopaenia pneumonitis tendon rupture slow wound healing
Common causes of CKD?
diabetes
GN
HTN
ADPKD
Associations with IgA nephropathy?
HIV
chronic liver disease
IBD
coeliac disease
Secondary causes of membranous nephropathy?
malignancy Hep B/C/HIV drugs thyroiditis sarcoidosis post renal transplant
Extra renal manifestations of ADPKD?
liver cysts pancreatic cysts splenic cysts thyroid cysts seminal vesicle cysts intracranial cerebral aneurysms diverticular disease hernias
Complications of CKD?
anaemia bone disease HTN infection acidosis hyperkalaemia fluid overload CV disease uraemia
Causes of delayed graft function?
post ischaemic ATN graft thrombosis obstruction/urine leak hyper acute rejection early disease recurrence
Causes of early worsening graft function?
graft thrombosis acute rejection CNI toxicity renal artery stenosis obstruction/leak BK nephropathy CMV recurrent disease
Causes of bilateral renal masses?
polycystic kidneys hydronephrosis bilateral renal cell carcinoma bilateral acute renal vein thrombosis amyloidosis acromegaly
Causes of unilateral renal masses?
renal cell carcinoma
hydronephrosis
polycystic kidneys
aute renal vein thrombosis
What are the indications for nephrectomy in ADPKD?
recurrent infections chronic pain recurrent haematuria early satiety pre transplantation
Differential diagnosis for renal cysts?
benign renal cysts renal cell carcinoma polycystic kidney disease amyloidosis von hippel lindau syndrome tuberous sclerosis
Investigations for worsening graft function?
CRP CMV serology BK virus PCR immunosuppression drug levels urinalysis US biopsy
What is the definition of nephrotic syndrome?
proteinuria > 3.5g/24 hours hypoalbuminaemia < 30 oedema hyperlipidaemia coagulopathy
Differential diagnosis for nephrotic syndrome?
membranous nephropathy (33%) FSGS (35%) minimal change disease (15%) amyloidosis (4%)
