Renal Replacement Therapy Flashcards
What are the types of renal replacement therapy?
Peritoneal dialysis
Haemodialysis
Transplant
What is peritoneal dialysis?
Patient’s peritoneum acts as the dialysis membrane - solures move from patients blood into dialyisis fluid across peritoneum
What are the advantages of peritoneal dialysis?
Quality of life
More individualised
More freedom
What are disadvantages of peritoneal dialysis?
Patients need to be able to manage technical aspects of dialysis
Risk of infection
Unsuitable for some patients - stoma/previous surgery
Risk of ultrafiltration failure
Weight gain
What is automated PD?
Carried out with an automated machine usually overnight
What is continuous ambulatory PD?
4-5 dialysis exchanges per day at regular intervals + one overnight
What is haemodialysis?
Dialysis machine pumps blood from patient through dialyser and back into patient
Waste solute, salt and fluid is removed from blood
What are the advantages of haemodialysis?
Efficient
Unit-based - support
What are the disadvantages of haemodialysis?
Requires secure access
Infection
Haemodynamic instability
Anaemia
What is home HD?
Training to undergo HD at home
What is nocturnal HD?
Overnight long slow HD
What is CRRT?
Continuous renal replacement therapy
Mainly used in acute setting
What is the pneumonic for acute causes of dialysis?
AEIOU
What are the acute causes of dialysis?
Acidosis Electrolyte disturbances Intoxication Oedema Uraemia
What are reasons for long term dialysis?
End stage renal failure
Continuous acute causes
