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Renal Medicine > Nephritic Syndrome > Flashcards

Nephritic Syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What are the triad of nephritic syndrome?

A

Haematuria
Mild proteinuria
Hypertension

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2
Q

What causes the symptoms?

A

Inflammation of the glomerulus

  • damage to blood flow
  • activation of RAAS
  • damage to glomerulus
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3
Q

What are other signs of nephritic syndrome?

A

Increased urea + creatinine
Oliguria
Oedema

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4
Q

What are the effects of glomerular inflammation?

A

Increased waste products
Low urine output
Fluid retention

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5
Q

What can cause nephritic syndrome?

A 
IgA nephropathy 
ANCA vasculitis 
Goodpastures
Alport syndrome
Post-strep glomerulonephritis
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6
Q

What is IgA nephropathy also known as?

A

Bergers disease

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7
Q

What is the common presentation of IgA nephropathy?

A

Haematuria after URTI

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8
Q

What causes the inflammation in IgA nephropathy?

A

Over production of IgA which forms immune complexes and deposits in renal cells

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9
Q

What is IgA?

A

Immunglobulin A

Involved in immune response of mucous membranes

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10
Q

What does renal biopsy show in IgA nephropathy?

A

Mesangial proliferation

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11
Q

What is ANCA vasculitis?

A

Inflammation of blood vessels associated with ANCA autoantibodies

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of ANCA vasculitis?

A

C-ANCA (Wegner’s)

P-ANCA (Churg Strauss)

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13
Q

What protein is Wegner’s positive for?

A

PR3

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14
Q

What protein is Churg Strauss positive for?

A

MPO

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15
Q

What is Wegner’s syndrome?

A

Multi-system disorder characterised by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation and vasculitis

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16
Q

What are the common features of Wegner’s?

A

Sinusitis
Renal failure
Lung disease

17
Q

What are the tests for Wegner’s?

A

cANCA
PR3

Urinalysis - proteinuria

18
Q

How is Wegner’s managed?

A

Corticosteroids

Cyclophoshamide

19
Q

What is Churg-Strauss?

A

Triad of

  • asthma
  • eosinophilia
  • vasculitis
20
Q

How is Churg-Straus managed?

A

Steroids

21
Q

What is Goodpastures?

A

Acute glomerulonephritis and lung symptoms

22
Q

What causes the symptoms in Goodpasture’s?

A

Antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies

23
Q

What lung symptom is associated with Goodpasture’s?

A

Haemoptysis

- alveolar haemorrhage due to damage to membrane

24
Q

How is Goodpasture’s managed?

A

Treat shock

Immunosuppressive treatment

25
Q

What is Alport syndrome?

A

Genetic disorder effecting production of type IV collagen

26
Q

What are the symptoms of Alport syndrome?

A

Haematuria
Nephritis
Sensorineural deafness
Progressive renal failure

27
Q

What is post strep glomerulonephritis?

A

Glomerulonephritis occurring after a streptococcal infection

Streptococcal antigen is deposited on glomerulus

  • causes host reaction
  • immune complex formation
28
Q

How is nephritic syndrome managed?

A

Treat underlying cause

Renal Medicine (13 decks)

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