Nephrotic syndrome Flashcards
What is the triad of features?
Proteinuria
Hypoalbuminaemia
Oedema
What causes the proteinuria?
Damage to the kidneys
What causes the hypoalbuminaemia?
Loss of protein in the urine
What causes oedema?
Low oncotic pressure due to low albumin
What is another effect of low oncotic pressure?
Increased hepatic lipogenesis -> hyperlipidaemia
What can cause nephrotic syndrome?
Minimal change disease
Focal segment glomerulosclerosis
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Diabetic nephropathy
What is minimal change disease?
common in children
- increased protein in urine
No change seen on renal biopsy
What is focal segment glomerulosclerosis?
Glomerulonephritis with scarring to certain segments seen on biopsy
How is focal segment glomerulosclerosis managed?
Corticosteroids
What is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis?
Deposition of complement in glomerulus
Associated with SLE
How is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis managed?
Corticosteroids with cyclophoshamide
How is nephrotic syndrome managed?
Treat underlying cause
