Renal Patho Flashcards
what is the main issue with glomerulopathies?
Podocytes are lost, reducing surface area, but remaining podocytes are overly large. This allows larger stuff to slip through, but less water.
What is nephrosis?
Damage to glomerular membrane creating enlarged fenestrations.
What can cause nephrosis?
- hypertension
- diabetes mellitus
- Type III immune disorders
What is a key feature of nehprosis?
Excretion of 3.5 g or more of protein in urine per day.
What pressure decreases in nephrosis? What happens as a result?
Oncotic pressure because loss of protein. Get increased hydrostatic pressure leading to Edema.
What are the manifestations of nephrosis?
Edema (Especially in eyes and face.)
Hypotension
What is minimal change neprhosis? Characteristics, histology, prognosis?
- Most common form in children.
- Loss of foot processes
- Good prognosis
What is Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis nephrosis? What are the 3 H’s that can cause it?
- Scarring of glomerulus
- can be primary or secondary
- Poor prognosis
- HIV, Heroin, Hypertension
What is the Membranous Glomerulonephritis nephrosis?
- Autoimmune activation of immune complex.
- Deposition of antibodies in basement membrane.
- Increased membrane permeability and thickening.
What are the 3 categories of nephrons? How many per kidney?
1.2 million nephrons.
- Superficial cortical
- Midcortical
- Juxtamedullary
What does erythropoietin do?
Increases red blood cell development.
What occurs with Uremia?
Get Azotemia, along with GI problems, Peripheral neruopathy, and fibrinous pericarditis.
What are symptoms of Glomerulopathies?
Decreased urine output.
Elevated plasma creatinine and urea.
What are secondary glomerulopathies?
Lupus Nephritis
Diabetic
DIC
