Renal dysfunction Flashcards
Name 8 drugs that can cause nephrotoxicity
Why do ciclsporin and tacrolimus cause nephrotoxicity? [1]
cause renal vasoconstriction & ischaemia
How does renal function effect half life of many drugs? [1]
Half life will be extended in those that are renally excreted [2/3rd of drugs]
What are two signs need to ID in AKI [2]
Name a type of antibiotics which is nephrotoxic? [1]
Name a type of antibiotics which is safe? [1]
Aminglycosides: nephrotoxic
Cephalosporins: safe
In which conditions may prescribing loop diuretics for patients suffering from CKD be beneficial? [2]
Only consider if have fluid overload or hyperkalaemia or hypertension
Bolus injections of loop diuretics can cause what pathology in CKD patients? [1]
Deafness
Which CKD patient populations should have speciality input for ACEin or ARBs prescription? [3]
Bilateral renal artery stenosis
Renal artery stenosis in a patient with single functioning kidney
Widespread vascular disease
How ACEin / ARBs interact with the activation of RAAS to make CKD worse
Blocking of AT-II leads to dilatation in efferent arterioles, loss of back pressure and failure of filtration
Which drug class slows down progression of CKD and reduces risk of renal failure? [1]
SGLT-2 inhibitors
NICE:
When is dapagliflozin recommended in CKD patients? [2]
What are the specific NICE guidelines for blood pressure levels in CKD patients? [2]
According to NICE, ACE/ARBs should be offered to patients with CKD and…{what indications} [3]
Which drug protects the heart in hyperkalaemia? [1]
Calcium gluconate
Name two ways of driving K intracellularly [2]
Soluble insulin
Nebulised salbutamol
State 4 changes to ECG with hyperkalaemia [4]
