Renal drugs

Question 1

Action of loop diuretics

Answer 1

Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in ascending loop of Henle
Reduces preload

Question 2

Indications, CI + SE of 5 alpha reductase inhibitors

Answer 2

Finasteride
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
CI: pregnancy
SE: impotence, breast tenderness, hair growth, male breast cancer

Question 3

Indications, action, CI + SE of alpha blockers

Answer 3

Doxazocin
Indications: benign prostatic hypertrophy + resistant HTN
action: vasodilator
CI: postural hypotension
SE: postural hypotension, dizziness + syncope

Question 4

SE + interactions of loop diuretics

Answer 4

SE: dehydration, hypotension, hearing loss
Increase risk of digoxin toxicity
Increased risk of oto + nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides
Increase dose in renal failure

Question 5

Action + SE of spironolactone

Answer 5

Causes K retention 
SE: 
GI upset 
Hypotension 
Polyuria 
Hyperkalaemia

Question 6

Action + SE of thiazide diuretics

Answer 6

Inhibits reabsorption of K+ + Na+ in distal tubules 
SE:
hyponatraemia + hypokalaemia 
Increases blood glucose 
Can cause impotence 
Hypercalcaemia