GI drugs Flashcards
Side effects of PPIs
C diff risk
Prolonged treatment > low magnesium > ventricular arrhythmias
Mask symptoms of gastric cancer + increase risk of gastric infections
Increase risk of fracture in the elderly
CI of PPIs
AKI
When do you see a lead pipe colon?
UC
When do you see an apple core deformity?
Colonic cancer
What is cholesterosis?
Chronic cholescystitis where small crystals of cholesterol sit in internal wall of gall bladder
Indications, CI, action of aminosalicylates
Mesalazine
UC, RA, Crohns
CI: aspirin allergy
Action: release 5-ASA, anti-inflammatory
SE, interactions + key info of aminosalicylates
SE: headache, leucopenia (SOB, fatigue, infections), renal impairment
PPIs make mesalazine break down prematurely
Mesalazine has fewer SE
SE + interactions of antacids
Magnesium = diarrhoea
Calcium/ aluminium = constipation
Reduces absorption of other drugs so give 2 hours between
Action of loperamide
Opioid receptor agonist in myenteric plexus
Decreases smooth muscle tone
Increases time material stays in intestine
SE + interactions + action of metoclopramide
SE: muscle spasms, extrapyramidal SE
AP increase risk of EPSE
Dopamine receptor antagonist
Action + interactions of H2 antagonists
Ranitidine
Blocks action of histamine in parietal cells of stomach to decrease production of stomach acid
Interactions: P450 inhibitor (cimetidine)
Masks gastric cancer
More rapid onset than PPIs
SE of H2 antagonists
Diarrhoea Headache Dizziness Hypotension Rash (erythema multiforme)
What electrolyte imbalance to chronic alcoholism cause?
Hypomagnesaemia
