Renal Drugs

Question 1

Loop Diuretics - Lasix, Bumex, Demadex

Answer 1

Uses: tx of edema associated w/ HF, renal or hepatic disease. tx of hypercalcemia & HTN. Monitor K+ & Dig lvls, can give w/ low renal perfusion. Adverse = dehydration, hypotension, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, transient deafness.

Question 2

Osmotic Diuretics - Mannitol

Answer 2

Uses: rapidly working tx of early stage ARF, reduces ICP & increased introcular pressure (Glaucoma). Adverse = Serious = F&E imbalance, HA, marked diuresis & dehydration. Observe for rebound increased ICP or intra-ocular pressure. May crystallize when exposed to low temps, administer through filter.

Question 3

K+ Sparing Diuretics - Aldactone, Dyrenium

Answer 3

Uses: tx of HTN, hyperaldosteronism, reverse K+ loss associated w/ diuretic induced hypokalemia. Avoid Na+ substitutes, K+ supplements & K+ containing foods. Adverse = Hyperkalmia, GI complaints, dizziness, HA.

Question 4

Thiazide Diuretics - Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 4

Uses: tx of HTN, DI, edema associated w/ steroids, estrogen, heart & liver disease. only give WITH adequate renal perfusion. Adverse = Hypokalemia, Hypercalcemia, Hyperglycemia, Hyperuricemia, HA, dehydration. Contraindicated = known sensitivity to Sulfonamides or Thiazides.