GI Drugs (acid controlling)

Question 1

Antacid - MoM, Tums, Alka Seltzer, Amphojel

Answer 1

Uses: tx acute heart burn, gastritis & peptic ulcer disease. Aluminum (amphojel) tend to cause constipation. Mg+ can cause diarrhea. Avoid antacids w/ Na+ w/ cardiac pts. Ca+ and Mg+ antacids avoid w/ renal pt, may accumulate to toxic lvls. Aluminum & Na+ based antacids recommended for pt w/ renal disease, excreted easier.

Question 2

H2 Antagonists (Histamine 2 receptor blockers) - CimetiDINE (Tagamet), FamotaDINE (Pepcid), RanitiDINE (Zantac), NizatiDINE (Axid).

Answer 2

Uses: tx peptic ulcer disease, GERD, esophagitis & adjunctive therapy w/ GI bleeding. Adverse = HA, dizziness, constipation, pruritis. CimetiDINE potentiates Warfarin, Phenytoin, Theophylline, and Lidocaine. Administer 1 hour before antacids for optimal effect. Smoking decreases effectiveness.

Question 3

Proton Pump Inhibitors - OmePRAZOLE (prilosec), PantoPRAZOLE (Protonix), EsomePRAZOLE (Nexium), LansoPRAZOLE (Prevacid)

Answer 3

Uses: tx GERD, peptic ulcer disease, esophagitis. Low adverse effects. Rare Adverse = elevated AST, ALT

Question 4

Combo Proton Pump Inhibitors - Zegrid (OmePRAZOLE w/ Na bicard), Vimovo (EsomemPRAZOLE & Naproxen)

Answer 4

Uses: tx GERD, peptic ulcer disease, erosive gastritis. Zegrid available OTC, Low adverse.

Question 5

Mucosal Protectants (Pepsin Inhibitors) - Carafate

Answer 5

Uses: tx active peptic ulcer disease, prevent mucosal injury from drug-induced ulcers. Adverse = Low. Aluminum found in Carafate can accumulate to toxic lvld in renal pt, use w/ caution.

Question 6

Antisecretory Agents (Prostaglandin Analogue) - Cytotec

Answer 6

Uses: prevent NSAID induced gastric ulcer. tx peptic ulcer disease. Adverse = HA, GI complaints, menstrual spotting. Contraindicated = pregnancy due to abortifacient properties.