GI Drugs (Laxatives)

Question 1

Bulk-forming Agets - Citrucel, Metamucil, Fiberall

Answer 1

Uses: Safest laxatives available, only indicated for long-term use. Do not cause dependence, may be used in pt w/ IBS, diverticulosis, ileostomy or colostomy. Action = GI tract, take w/ liberal amounts of water to prevent fecal impaction.

Question 2

Fecal Softener/Emollient Agents - Colace, Surfak, Mineral Oil

Answer 2

Uses: Prescribed after MI or surgery. Contraindicated = intestinal obstruction, N/V. Administer w/ liberal amounts of water, monitor electrolyte imbalance, dependence w/ long-term use.

Question 3

Hyperosmotic Agents - Lactulose

Answer 3

Uses: bowel prep for diagnostic & surgical procedures, reduces blood ammonia lvld w/ pt w/ hepatic encephalopathy (acidic effect converts ammonia to ammonium, which can’t be reabsorbed into systemic circulation. Creates hyper osmotic (acidic) environment that draws water into colon & produces laxative effect. Monitor for electrolyte imbalance.

Question 4

Saline Agents - Mg sulfate (Epsom salts), MoM

Answer 4

Use w/ caution in pt’s w/ renal insufficiency, HTN, heart disease due to potential accumulation of magnesium, sodium and potassium. Monitor electrolytes.

Question 5

Stimulant Agnets - Senna, Dulcolax

Answer 5

Uses: Most likely to cause dependence, long term use discouraged. Monitor for dependency, GI complaints.

Question 6

Misc. - GoLYTELY

Answer 6

Uses: Evacuate/Bowl Prep before GI exam. Chilling solution improves palatability. Monitor for nausea, abdominal fullness, bloating cramp