Renal disorders in peds

Question 1

acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Answer 1

occurs afters a throat or skin infection with certain strains of group A betahemolytic streptococci
immune response

Question 2

IgA nephropathy

Answer 2

deposition primarily of IgA complement and protein in the mesangium of the glomerulus

Question 3

nephrotic syndrome

Answer 3

loss of protein in urine
minimal change nephropathy

Question 4

hemolytic uremic syndrome

Answer 4

caused with bacterial and viral agents
damage RBC and endothelial cells
glomerulus occluded with fibrin clots

Question 5

hemolytic uremic syndrome

Answer 5

bloody stool
CNS involvement
kidney failure

Question 6

nephroblastoma (Wilms tumour)

Answer 6

arises form undifferentiated mesoderm
inherited and sporadic forms
more common in Black children

Question 7

Structural abnormalities

Answer 7

horseshoe kidney
hypospadias (ventral side)
episadias (dorsal side))
exstrophy of the bladder

Question 8

vesicoureteral reflux

Answer 8

retrograde flow of urine
leads to frequent pyelonephritis
caused by a congenital abnormality
diagnosed by voiding cystourethrogram

Question 9

Incontinence (Enuresis)

Answer 9

incontinent beyond the age of 5

primary enuresis (never been incontinent)
secondary enuresis