Pediatric GI disorders

Question 1

Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate

Answer 1

Syndromic
➢ Occurs as part of chromosomal, mendelian, or teratogenic syndromes
Non-syndromic
➢ Cleft palate occurring alone

Question 2

Intussusception

Answer 2

Telescoping of a proximal segment of intestine into a distal segment, causing an obstruction

Question 3

those with a history of intussusception are at risk for another after receiving ______

Answer 3

rotovirus vaccine

Question 4

Cystic Fibrosis is

Answer 4

Autosomal recessive disease that involves many organs

Question 5

Cystic Fibrosis Triad

Answer 5

Obstruction
Infection
Inflammation

Question 6

Celiac Disease is _________

Answer 6

Autoimmune, damaging small intestinal villous epithelium when gluten ingested

Question 7

Diagnosis confirmed with

Answer 7

serological
autoantibody measurement

Question 8

Kwashiorkor and Marasmus

Answer 8

Types of malnutrition associated with long-term starvation
Known collectively as protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)

Question 9

Kwashiorkor is

Answer 9

a severe protein deficiency

Question 10

Marasmus is

Answer 10

a deficiency of all nutrients
liver function continues, but the overall caloric intake is too low to support cellular protein synthesis.

Question 11

Kwashiorkor manifestations

Answer 11

Generalized edema
Dermatosis
Hypopigmented hair
Distended abdomen
Hepatomegaly
Almost normal weight

Question 12

Marasmus manifestations

Answer 12

Muscle wasting
Fatty liver
Hepatomegaly
Diarrhea
Dermatosis
Low hemoglobin
Infection

Question 13

Failure to Thrive (FTT) also called
characterized by
cause is

Answer 13

growth faltering
inadequate physical development of an infant or child
cause is multifactorial

Question 14

Neonatal Jaundice physiology

Answer 14

Neonates have more red blood cells than the immature liver can break down effectively
By products result in heam globulin and iron
Haem breaks down into unconjugated bilirubin,
amino acids and iron
Unconjugated bili is transported to liver bound to albumin.
If not bound it can be deposited in skin or brain
Does not occur before 24 hours after birth and usually appears in 1st week

Question 15

Biliary Atresia

Answer 15

Congenital malformation characterized by the absence or obstruction of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts

Question 16

Pathological jaundice in children risk factors

Answer 16

Associated with severe illness
Risk factors include fetal- maternal blood type incompatibility,
premature birth,
exclusive breast feeding,
maternal age >25 years,
male gender,
delayed meconium passage,
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, excessive birth trauma