Renal and urinary Flashcards
What parts make up the upper urinary tract?
a. kidney and urethra
b. bladder and kidney
c. kidney and uterus
d. bladder and urethra
kidney and uterus
What parts make up the lower urinary tract?
a. kidney and urethra
b. bladder and kidney
c. kidney and uterus
d. bladder and urethra
bladder and urethra
The main function of the kidney is
excrete urine
remove waste products
remove excess fluid from the blood
produces erythropoietin for red blood cells
The functional unit of the kidney is the
nephron
What measures the rate of kidney filtration (GFR)?
Glomeruli
How does aging impact the kidneys?
reduction of blood flow and reduction in nephrons
less efficient removing waste
volume of urine increases
sodium regulation not as effective
How does aging impact the bladder?
reduction in capacity
This term is defined as an infection of the bladder
a. urethritis
b. cystitis
c. pyelonephritis
d. UTI
cystitis
This term is defined as an infection of urethra
a. urethritis
b. cystitis
c. pyelonephritis
d. UTI
urethritis
This term is an infection involving the upper urinary tract including the kidneys
a. urethritis
b. cystitis
c. pyelonephritis
d. UTI
pyelonephritis
This type of urinary incontinence is normal urine control but difficulty reaching toilet in time because of muscle or joint dysfunction
a. functional
b. stress
c. urge
d. overflow
functional
This type of urinary incontinence is loss of urine during activities that increase intraabdominal pressure
a. functional
b. stress
c. urge
d. overflow
stress
This type of urinary incontinence is a sudden expected urge to urinate and the uncontrolled loss of urine
a. functional
b. stress
c. urge
d. overflow
urge
This type of urinary incontinence is a consistent leaking of urine from a bladder that is full but unable to empty
a. functional
b. stress
c. urge
d. overflow
overflow
What are the two types of urinary tract infections?
complicated
uncomplicated
Explain the risk factors of UTI
age
immobility
female gender
What are the implications for the therapist on UTI?
changes in mental status, fever, nausea, or vomiting
can predispose a patient to infections in other parts
The most common adult renal neoplasm is
renal cell carcinoma
flank pain hematuria palpable abdominal mass may be anemic unexplained weight loss often find as lung cancer these are risk factors for a. renal calculi b. chronic kidney disease c. PKD d. renal cell carcinoma
renal cell carcinoma
What should the therapist be aware of with renal cell carcinoma?
signs/symptoms
new onset of unexplained abdominal, flank, or back pain or cough
ability to move may be effected
A cyst is described as a cavity filled with fluid or rental tubular elements making up a semisolid material
a. UTI
b. renal cell carcinoma
c. renal cystic disease
d. ESRD
renal cystic disease
Renal cystic disease is a _ disorder
a. virus
b. bacteria
c. autoimmune
d. hereditary
hereditary
Autosomal (dominant/recessive) is the most common hereditary disorder for renal cystic disease
dominant
Symptoms of PKD can progress to
ESRD
hypertension multiple pregnancies male gender genetic mutation of PKD1 these risk factors are associated with a. renal calculi b. PKD c. chronic kidney disease d. renal cell carcinoma
PKD
Symptoms of pain, hematuria, fever, hypertension, abdominal pain, flank pain identify
a. ESRD
b. PKD
c. renal cell carcinoma
d. UTI
PKD
Which population is at risk for HTN, UTI, increase risk of developing a cerebral and aortic aneurysms and mitral valve problems
PKD
_ will be enlarged on palpation with PKD
a. esophagus
b. abdominal area
c. liver
d. kidneys
kidneys
What are the areas of obstruction with renal calculi?
urteropelvic junction
where the ureter crosses over the iliac vessels
urterovesical junction
What is the most common type of stone with renal calculi (kidney stones)?
a. calcium
b. struvite
c. uric acid
d. cystine
calcium
What are the different types of stones with renal calculi?
calcium
struvite
uric acid
cystine
idiopathic hypercalciuria renal tubular acidosis primary hyperparathyroidism hyperoxaluriacidic gout acidic pH risk factors for
renal calculi
Symptoms of acute colicky flank pain radiating to the groin or perineal areas with hematuria, urinal urgency and frequency and dysuria, nausea and vomiting
a. UTI
b. ESRD
c. renal calculi
d. PSK
renal calculi
Pain with renal calculi may be manifested by _ pain
a. shoulder
b. abdominal
c. back
d. right shoulder
back
as a therapist, it is key to pay attention to complaints of _ _ with renal calculi
urinary dysfunction
Alteration of kidney function or structure for greater than or equal to 3 months
chronic kidney disease
Most common causes of chronic kidney disease (3)
diabetes
hypertention
glomeruloneophritis
This disease can be induced by interaction of NSAID and other analgesics
a. ESRD
b. UTI
c. renal calculi
d. chronic kidney disease
chronic kidney disease
be aware of _ during therapy with a patient who has chronic kidney disease
fatigue
complications from dialysis
fluid shifts increased thirst weight gain depression increased susceptibility to infections HTN/hypotension chest and back pain hypersensitivity
What type of exercise should be done for chronic kidney disease?
strength training
balance
mobility
What intensity of rehab for chronic kidney disease?
a. low
b. low-mod
c. mild-mod
d. mod-high
mild-mod
exercise for chronic kidney disease is done
before, during or after dialysis
for ESRD, compromised _ function can lead to _ mortality
autonomic
cardiac
patients with autonomic dysfunction should use _ scale
PRE
it is important to consider _ levels for patients with ESRD and diabetes
glucose
What are the general guidelines for ESRD exercise?
4-6 times/week
low exercise capacity
goal = 30 mins/session
What lab values need to be considered with end-stage renal failure?
creatine and bun
low serum albumin
low hemoglobin
Voiding dysfunction associated with neurologic pathology
a. urinary incontinence
b. UTI
c. end-stage renal failure
d. neurogenic bladder
neurogenic bladder
causes of neurogenic bladder
CVA dementia Parkinsons disease MS brain tumors SCI
Clinical manifestations of neurogenic bladder
partial or complete urinary retention
incontinence
urgency
Complications of neurogenic bladder
UTI’s
kidney stones
What is the goal of rehab?
restore bowel, bladder, sexual and supportive muscle function
The glomeruli filters (4)
blood
urea
nitrate
creatine
Which population is at an increase risk of developing cerebral and aortic aneurysms and mitral valve problems?
a. UTI
b. renal cell carcinoma
c. PKD
d. chronic kidney disease
PKD
