chapter 25 Flashcards by Heather Stephens

Q

The prefix adeno- means

a. gland
b. vessels
c. cartilage
d. fibrous tissue

A

gland

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Q

The prefix angio- means

a. gland
b. vessels
c. cartilage
d. fibrous tissue

A

vessels

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Q

The prefix chondro- means

a. gland
b. vessels
c. cartilage
d. fibrous tissue

A

cartilage

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Q

The prefix fibro means

a. gland
b. vessels
c. cartilage
d. fibrous tissue

A

fibrous tissue

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Q

The prefix hemangio means

a. fibrous tissue
b. blood vessels
c. lymph vessels
d. fat

A

blood vessels

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Q

The prefix lymphangio- means

a. fibrous tissue
b. blood vessels
c. lymph vessels
d. fat

A

lymph vessels

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Q

The prefix lipo- means

a. fibrous tissue
b. blood vessels
c. lymph vessels
d. fat

A

fat

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Q

the prefix myo- means

a. nerve
b. muscle
c. fat
d. bone

A

muscle

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Q

the prefix neuro means

a. nerve
b. muscle
c. fat
d. bone

A

nerve

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Q

the prefix osteo means

a. nerve
b. muscle
c. fat
d. bone

A

bone

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Q

The growth rate of this type of tumor is slow, expansion, remains localized, well differentiated and does not cause severe pain

a. benign
b. malignant
c. primary
d. secondary

A

benign

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Q

This type of tumor has a rapid growth rate, grows through infiltration, spread by metastasis by bloodstream by lymphatics, and poorly differentiated

a. benign
b. malignant
c. primary
d. secondary

A

malignant

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Q

This type of malignant tumor begins in the skin or the tissue that covers the surface of internal organs and glans and is usually from solid tumors

a. sarcoma
b. carcinoma
c. leukemia
d. osteoma

A

carcinoma

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Q

this malignant tumor is the most common type of cancer

a. sarcoma
b. carcinoma
c. leukemia
d. osteoma

A

carcinoma

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Q

this malignant tumor begins in the tissues that support and connect the body

a. sarcoma
b. carcinoma
c. leukemia
d. osteoma

A

sarcoma

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Q

this type of malignant tumor can develop in fat, muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, blood vessels, lymph vessels, cartilage and bone

a. sarcoma
b. carcinoma
c. leukemia
d. osteoma

A

sarcoma

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Q

this type of malignant cancer of the blood begins when healthy blood cells change and grow uncontrollably

a. sarcoma
b. carcinoma
c. leukemia
d. osteoma

A

leukemia

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Q

What is the hallmark of the development of a primary musculoskeletal tumor?

a. fatigue
b. weakness
c. pain
d. weight loss

A

pain

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Q

Most primary soft tissue musculoskeletal tumors develop in the

a. arms
b. legs
c. extremities
d. spine

A

legs

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Q

Red flags of primary msk tumor

A

increased pain with weight bearing 
night pain
unexplained weight loss/gain
pain that is not changed with position 
personal or family history of cancer

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Q

Medical management of primary MSK tumor

A

physcial exam
radiographic exam
imaging 
biopsy
lab tests

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Q

What are risk factors with primary MSK tumors?

A

high dose of radiation
exposure to toxic chemicals in workplace
exposure to chemotherapeutic agents
genetic conditions

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Q

This primary benign bone tumor is small sclerotic lesion of bone

a. bone islands
b. osteoid osteoma
c. osteoblastoma
d. osteosarcoma

A

bone islands

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Q

Which type of benign bone tumor is the most common?

a. bone islands
b. osteoid osteoma
c. osteoblastoma
d. osteosarcoma

A

bone islands

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This type of benign bone tumor is asymptomatic, overgrowth of bone or cartilage cells, typically in pelvis, proximal femur, ribs and usually in bone marrow a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

bone islands

this type of primary benign bone tumor can mimic other malignant conditions a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

bone islands

Which type of bone tumor can be an overgrowth of bone or cartilage cells? a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

bone islands

Bone islands are usually found in _ _

bone marrow

This type of benign bone tumor is a vascular osteoblastic lesion a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoid osteoma

This type of bone tumor is found in the cortex of long bones, can occur in any bone, causes joint pain and dysfunction and is most common in men under 25 a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoid osteoma

This type of bone tumor causes joint pain and dysfunction a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoid osteoma

Which bone tumor can be misdiagnosed as overuse syndrome? a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoid osteoma

Osteoid osteoma (is/is not) a progressive tumor

is not

This type of bone tumor is large enough that may need a bone graft a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoid osteoma

Osteoid osteoma is radiolucent because it is

uncalcified

This type of primary benign bone tumor is large reactive bone lesion and tends to expand a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoblastoma

Osteoblastoma is larger than osteoid osteoma (true/false)

true

This type of primary benign bone tumor is found in the spine, sacrum and flat bones a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoblastoma

Lesions are osteolytic and have a sclerotic border a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoblastoma

Which type of primary benign bone cancer can be the most aggressive and occurs in men less than 30? a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoblastoma

This type of benign bone tumor may need a bone graft or joint replacement a. bone islands b. osteoid osteoma c. osteoblastoma d. osteosarcoma

osteoblastoma

List the primary benign bone tumors

bone islands (enostoses) osteoid osteoma osteoblastoma

List the secondary benign bone tumors

osteosarcoma ewings sarcoma multiple myeloma

This type of secondary bengin bone tumor is extremely malignant, occurs most often in male children, common in long bones and grows rapidly a. osteoblastoma b. osteosarcoma c. multiple myeloma d. ewings sarcoma

osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is a (benign/malignant) bone tumor

malignant

Osteosarcoma is commonly found in a. pelvis, proximal femur, ribs b. long bones and pelvis c. spine, sacrum, flat bones d. long bones

long bones

What age range is osteosarcoma usually common in?

adolescents and younger adults under age of 30

this malignant bone tumor is a nonosteogenic primary tumor that can arise from bone or soft tissue and pain is a common symptom a. osteoblastoma b. osteosarcoma c. multiple myeloma d. ewings sarcoma

ewings sarcoma

Ewings sarcoma can arise in

bone or soft tissue

Ewings sarcoma is commonly seen in a. pelvis, proximal femur, ribs b. long bones and pelvis c. spine, sacrum, flat bones d. long bones

long bones and pelvis

This type of malignant bone tumor is a hematopoietic neoplasm involving bone marrow a. osteoblastoma b. osteosarcoma c. multiple myeloma d. ewings sarcoma

multiple myeloma

Skeletal involvement of this type of bone tumor includes the spine, pelvis, and skull a. osteoblastoma b. osteosarcoma c. multiple myeloma d. ewings sarcoma

multiple myeloma

Pain is often felt _ in multiple myeloma

deep

Prognosis is (good/poor) in multiple myeloma

poor

This type of bone cancer involves bone marrow, pain is deep and prognosis is poor a. osteoblastoma b. osteosarcoma c. multiple myeloma d. ewings sarcoma

multiple myeloma

This type of soft tissue tumor is seen in middle to late adulthood, is asymptomatic and usually superficial a. ganglion cyst b. popliteal cyst c. lipoma d. nerve sheath

lipoma

This soft tissue tumor is made of mature fat cells

lipoma

List the benign soft tissue tumors

``` lipoma ganglion cyst popliteal cyst nerve sheath tumor desmoid tumor ```

This type of soft tissue tumor arises from a joint capsule or tendon sheath a. ganglion cyst b. popliteal cyst c. lipoma d. nerve sheath

ganglion cyst

This soft tissue tumor is on the dorsal part of the wrist and is a thick fluid a. ganglion cyst b. popliteal cyst c. lipoma d. nerve sheath

ganglion cyst

this soft tissue tumor is a subtype of ganglion that communicates with joint space a. ganglion cyst b. popliteal cyst c. lipoma d. nerve sheath

popliteal cyst

a popliteal cyst can also be called a

bakers cyst

This soft tissue tumor is on peripheral nerves, usually superficial and painless a. ganglion cyst b. popliteal cyst c. lipoma d. nerve sheath

nerve sheath tumor

Neurofibroma an shawanoma are cells of this type of tumor a. ganglion cyst b. popliteal cyst c. lipoma d. nerve sheath

nerve sheath tumor

this type of soft tissue tumor is the most common in women after childbirth, is of connective tissue and can become large a. desmoid tumor b. popliteal cyst c. lipoma d. nerve sheath

desmoid tumor

List the malignant soft tissue tumors

``` rhabdomyosarcoma malignant histiocytoma liposarcoma synovial sarcoma epithelioid sarcoma clear cell sarcoma ```

This malignant soft tissue tumor is on any place in the body, unknown cause and is painless mass in soft tissue a. liposarcoma b. synovial sarcoma c. malignant histiocytoma d. rhabdomyosarcoma

rhabdomyosarcoma

This malignant soft tissue tumor is a slow grower, on the thigh, can be found behind the periotenum and is common in people ages 40-60 a. liposarcoma b. synovial sarcoma c. malignant histiocytoma d. rhabdomyosarcoma

liposarcoma

This malignant soft tissue tumor is the most common malignant in adults, middle aged men and on the thigh usually a. liposarcoma b. synovial sarcoma c. malignant histiocytoma d. rhabdomyosarcoma

malignant histiocytoma

This type of malignant soft tissue tumor is found in the extremities, is painful and usually near the knee a. liposarcoma b. synovial sarcoma c. malignant histiocytoma d. rhabdomyosarcoma

synovial sarcoma

This type of malignant soft tissue tumor is small, firm, slow grower and on the extensor surface of extremity a. liposarcoma b. epithelioid sarcoma c. malignant histiocytoma d. rhabdomyosarcoma

epithelioid sarcoma

This type of malignant soft tissue tumor is deep to the dermis, epidermis, tendons or broader tendons a. liposarcoma b. clear cell sarcoma c. epithelioid sarcoma d. synovial sarcoma

clear cell sarcoma

What treatment can be done for soft tissue tumors?

surgery, radiation or combo

List the benign cartilaginous tumors

enchondroma | osteochondroma

This benign cartilagnious tumor arises from residual island of cartilage in the metaphysis of bones, specifically tubular bones of hands and feet and is seen in people 20-40 a. osteochondroma b. enchondroma c. chondrosarcoma d. epithelioid sarcoma

enchondroma

This type of cartilagnious tumor is the most common benign neoplasm of bone

osteochrondroma

this cartilaginous type of tumor metaphyses of long bones especially distal femur, proximal humerus, and proximal tibia, it is the result from aberrant epiphyseal development a. osteochondroma b. enchondroma c. chondrosarcoma d. epithelioid sarcoma

osteochondroma

this type of tumor is a result from aberrant epiphyseal development a. osteochondroma b. enchondroma c. chondrosarcoma d. epithelioid sarcoma

osteochondroma

you can feel a _ _ with an osteochondroma

hard mass

osteochondroma stops growing when

reach skeletal maturity

list the malignant cartilaginous tumors

chrondrosarcoma

this cartilaginous tumor is slow growing, primary tumor in men 40-60, usually pelvic or shoulder girdle a. osteochondroma b. enchondroma c. chondrosarcoma d. epithelioid sarcoma

chondrorosarcoma

``` Asymptomatic fractures may be initial symptom diagnosis made with radiographs surgery may be required describes _ lesion ```

fibrous

metastasis is (more/less) common than primary lesions

more

What is the worst symptom with metastasis

pain

What is the treatment for metastasis

palliative

treatment options

``` surgery radiotherapy hormones anticancer drugs adjuvant chemotherapy immunotherapy ```

Nerve sheath tumors are painful (True/false)

false

enostoses location

pelvis, proximal femur, ribs

osteoid osteoma location

cortex of long bones

osteoid osteoma can be misdiagnosed as _

overuse

osteoid osteoma causes (local/diffuse) pain

local

osteoblastoma location

spine, sacrum, flat bones

osteoblastoma causes (local/diffuse) pain

diffuse

osteosarcoma location

long bones

ewings sarcoma location

long bones and pelvis

multiple myeloma location

spine, pelvis, skull

osteoblastoma can develop into

osteosarcoma

what is the most common malignant disease in adults

malignant histiocytoma

osteochondroma location

metaphyses of long bones | distal femur, proximal humerus, proximal tibia

chrondrosarcoma location

pelvic and shoulder girdle

soft tissue tumors can occur in

any anatomic region

which bone tumor causes joint pain and dysfunction?

osteoid osteoma

this type of bone cancer is a small sclerotic lesion of bone

enostoses

this type of bone cancer is large reactive bone lesion that tends to expand

osteoblastoma

lipoma is fat this is _ cells

mature

liposarcoma is (painful/painless)

painful

What is the initial symptom of a fibrous lesion?

fracture

What is the most common symptom with metastasis?

pain

chrondrosarcoma is (slow/fast) growing

slot