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Patho II > PNS > Flashcards

PNS Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of nerves are there in the PNS?

a. 12
b. 29
c. 46
d. 31

A

31

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2
Q

This connective tissue covering is the most inside covering

a. perineurium
b. epineurium
c. endoneurium

A

endoneurium

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3
Q

This connective tissue covering is a group or a fasicle that is further out a layer

a. perineurium
b. epineurium
c. endoneurium

A

perineurium

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4
Q

This connective tissue covering is the outmost layer, surrounds the entire nerve

a. perineurium
b. epineurium
c. endoneurium

A

epineurium

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5
Q

What are the three connective tissue coverings of a nerve fiber?

A

endoneurium
perineurium
epineurium

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6
Q

What are the classifications of nerve injury?

A

neurapraxia
axonotmesis
neurotmesis

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7
Q

This type of nerve injury is segmental demyelination which slows an action potential

a. neurotmesis
b. neurapraxia
c. axonotmesis

A

neurapraxia

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8
Q

This type of nerve injury is when the axon is damaged but connective coverings remain intact

a. neurotmesis
b. neurapraxia
c. axonotmesis

A

axonotmesis

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9
Q

This type of nerve injury is a complete severance of the axon and disruption of connective coverings

a. neurotmesis
b. neurapraxia
c. axonotmesis

A

neurotmesis

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10
Q

What are the classifications of neuropathy?

A

mononeuropathy
radiculopathy
polyradiculitis
myopathy

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11
Q

This type of neuropathy is when a single peripheral nerve is involved

a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy

A

mononeuropathy

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12
Q

This type of neuropathy is the involvement of the nerve root

a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy

A

radiculopathy

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13
Q

This type of neuropathy is the involvement of several peripheral nerves

a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy

A

polyradiculitis

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14
Q

This type of neuropathy is the involvement of the muscle

a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy

A

myopathy

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15
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of nerve injury?

A

sensory
motor
spinal motor

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16
Q

A sensory symptom that follows peripheral nerve distribution or a dermatomal pattern is a sign of

A

nerve injury

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17
Q

A sensory symptom of nerve injury follows

A

peripheral nerve distribution

or dermatomal pattern

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18
Q

A motor symptom of paresis or paralysis distal to the lesion is a sign of

A

nerve injury

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19
Q

A motor symptom of nerve injury looks like

A

paresis

or paralysis distal to lesion

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20
Q

Spinal motor nerve weakness in all muscles receiving axons from spinal level suggest

A

nerve injury

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21
Q

Weakness in all muscles recieving axons from the spinal level is

A

sign of spinal motor nerve injury

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22
Q

A tingling, burning, dysesthesia and paresthesias in feet and stocking-glove distribution is seen with

a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination

A

neuropathies with sensory involvement

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23
Q

Distal weakness, tonal abnormalities, DTR diminished or absent is seen with

a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination

A

neuropathies with motor involvement

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24
Q

Rapid muscle atrophy and electrophysiologic changes is seen with what type of nerve injury

a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination

A

axonal degeneration

25
Q

changes in vascular control and sweating is seen with what type of nerve injury

a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination

A

segmental demyelination of preganglionic fibers of the ANS

26
Q

Who is at risk for idiopathic facial paralysis/bells palsy?

A

diabetes

pregnant women

27
Q

This pathology shows unilateral facial paralysis and paralysis of muscles of facial expression

A

idiopathic facial paralysis/bells palsy

28
Q

What is the etiology of idiopathic facial paralysis or bells palsy?

A

uncertain

29
Q

This is a common complication of fracture in the elbow and may occur years after which could be associated with callus formation or valgus deformity

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

tardy ulnar palsy

30
Q

What is a risk for tardy ulnar palsy?

A

repeated trauma in clients with shallow ulnar groove

entrapment of nerve at elbow

31
Q

This is defined as compression of the nerve secondary to repeated microtrauma associated with fractures, fibrous bands or recurrent cubital subluxations, entrapment at enter/exit of cubtal fossa

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

tardy ulnar palsy

or retroepicondylar palsy

32
Q

Clawhand deformity, flattening of hypothenar eminence, atrophy of dorsal interossei with guttering between extensor tendons, paralysis of FCU and variable sensory loss is consistent with

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

tardy ulnar palsy

33
Q

This is a radial nerve compression caused from direct pressure against a firm object, can be following a deep sleep after becoming intoxicated

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

saturday night palsy

34
Q

the pathogenesis for this is segmental demyelination

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

saturday night palsy

35
Q

Paralysis of wrist and finger extensors and diminishing grip strength is shown in

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

Saturday night palsy

36
Q

This neuropathy is in the forefoot, common in people 45-60, women are affected more than men and is seen when they excessively pronate

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

mortons neuroma

37
Q

Mechanical irritation from intrinsic or extrinsic factors and inflammatory conditions causes

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

mortons neuroma

38
Q

Burning, tingling, sharp pain in interspaces of forefoot

a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma

A

mortona neuroma

39
Q

Palpate met heads and squeezing foot medially and laterally is _ sign

A

muddlers sign

40
Q

Dorsiflex toe that is involved is _ sign

A

lasegues sign

41
Q

This type of nerve injury is a possible toxic effect of alcohol or nutritional deficiencies

A

alcoholic neuropathy

42
Q

This type of neuropathy is due to segmental demyelination, axonal degeneration in which changes begin distally and move proximally

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

alcoholic neuropathy

43
Q

Minor loss of muscle bulk, decreased ankle reflexes, impaired sensation in the feet, and aching calves is seen with

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

alcoholic neurpathy

44
Q

This type of neuropathy is related to initial involvement of motor neuron cell bodies affected, the surviving axons increase the size of innervation ratio

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

post-polio syndrome

45
Q

This neuropathy is ongoing muscle denervation and is evident when surviving motor neurons can no longer support and maintain additional muscle innervation

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

post polio syndrome

46
Q

Muscle strength declines, pain, atrophy, respiratory and swallowing problems are common with this type of neuropathy

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

post polio syndrome

47
Q

This virus lies dormant in sensory ganglia of cranial and spinal nerves during adulthood

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

herepes zoster

48
Q

A reactivated virus causes an inflammatory response in sensory ganglion and spreads along spinal and peripheral nerves

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

herpes zoster

49
Q

Pain and tingling in the dermatomal area, rash developing and becoming vesicles, skin lesions that may last up to a month, trigeminal and thoracic dermatomes can be involved in this type of neuropathy

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

herpes zoster

50
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia is more common in

A

women than men between 50-70

51
Q

Pain is due to activity at the site of the involvement which can be sharp, stabbing, can have allodynia

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

trigeminal neuralgia

or tic douloureux

52
Q

A sudden onset of pain with variable time-wise and any mechanical stimulation can cause an attack

a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster

A

trigeminal neuralgia

or tic douloureux

53
Q

Development of symptoms prior to the discovery of the tumor and the cell body can be at any site

a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies

A

paraneoplastic neuropathies

54
Q

This is caused by the body attempting to attack the cancer antigen and subsequently attacks membrane receptors or receptors within the neurons

a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies

A

paraneoplastic neuropathies

55
Q

Numbness and paresthesias, burning and aching pain, may have CNS involvement

a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies

A

paraneoplastic neuropathies

56
Q

With this neuropathy, both the CNS and the PNS can be affected and it affects neurons innervating muscles in the UE

a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies

A

lead neuropathy

57
Q

This neuropathy is caused by an ingestion of a potent neurotoxin specifically food, wound, infant or unclassified

a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies

A

botulism

58
Q

This type of neuropathy shows symptoms that may develop 12-36 hours after exposure, malaise, weakness, blurred vision, slurred speech, and difficulty swallowing

a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies

A

botulism

59
Q

this neuropathy can stem from variety of conditions and patients have pain, ANS dysfunction, edema and movement disorders

A

CPRS

Patho II (9 decks)

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