PNS Flashcards
How many pairs of nerves are there in the PNS?
a. 12
b. 29
c. 46
d. 31
31
This connective tissue covering is the most inside covering
a. perineurium
b. epineurium
c. endoneurium
endoneurium
This connective tissue covering is a group or a fasicle that is further out a layer
a. perineurium
b. epineurium
c. endoneurium
perineurium
This connective tissue covering is the outmost layer, surrounds the entire nerve
a. perineurium
b. epineurium
c. endoneurium
epineurium
What are the three connective tissue coverings of a nerve fiber?
endoneurium
perineurium
epineurium
What are the classifications of nerve injury?
neurapraxia
axonotmesis
neurotmesis
This type of nerve injury is segmental demyelination which slows an action potential
a. neurotmesis
b. neurapraxia
c. axonotmesis
neurapraxia
This type of nerve injury is when the axon is damaged but connective coverings remain intact
a. neurotmesis
b. neurapraxia
c. axonotmesis
axonotmesis
This type of nerve injury is a complete severance of the axon and disruption of connective coverings
a. neurotmesis
b. neurapraxia
c. axonotmesis
neurotmesis
What are the classifications of neuropathy?
mononeuropathy
radiculopathy
polyradiculitis
myopathy
This type of neuropathy is when a single peripheral nerve is involved
a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy
mononeuropathy
This type of neuropathy is the involvement of the nerve root
a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy
radiculopathy
This type of neuropathy is the involvement of several peripheral nerves
a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy
polyradiculitis
This type of neuropathy is the involvement of the muscle
a. polyradiculitis
b. myopathy
c. mononeuropathy
d. radiculopathy
myopathy
What are the signs and symptoms of nerve injury?
sensory
motor
spinal motor
A sensory symptom that follows peripheral nerve distribution or a dermatomal pattern is a sign of
nerve injury
A sensory symptom of nerve injury follows
peripheral nerve distribution
or dermatomal pattern
A motor symptom of paresis or paralysis distal to the lesion is a sign of
nerve injury
A motor symptom of nerve injury looks like
paresis
or paralysis distal to lesion
Spinal motor nerve weakness in all muscles receiving axons from spinal level suggest
nerve injury
Weakness in all muscles recieving axons from the spinal level is
sign of spinal motor nerve injury
A tingling, burning, dysesthesia and paresthesias in feet and stocking-glove distribution is seen with
a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination
neuropathies with sensory involvement
Distal weakness, tonal abnormalities, DTR diminished or absent is seen with
a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination
neuropathies with motor involvement
Rapid muscle atrophy and electrophysiologic changes is seen with what type of nerve injury
a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination
axonal degeneration
changes in vascular control and sweating is seen with what type of nerve injury
a. axonal degeneration
b. neuropathies with sensory involvement
c. neuropathies with motor involvement
d. segmental demyelination
segmental demyelination of preganglionic fibers of the ANS
Who is at risk for idiopathic facial paralysis/bells palsy?
diabetes
pregnant women
This pathology shows unilateral facial paralysis and paralysis of muscles of facial expression
idiopathic facial paralysis/bells palsy
What is the etiology of idiopathic facial paralysis or bells palsy?
uncertain
This is a common complication of fracture in the elbow and may occur years after which could be associated with callus formation or valgus deformity
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
tardy ulnar palsy
What is a risk for tardy ulnar palsy?
repeated trauma in clients with shallow ulnar groove
entrapment of nerve at elbow
This is defined as compression of the nerve secondary to repeated microtrauma associated with fractures, fibrous bands or recurrent cubital subluxations, entrapment at enter/exit of cubtal fossa
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
tardy ulnar palsy
or retroepicondylar palsy
Clawhand deformity, flattening of hypothenar eminence, atrophy of dorsal interossei with guttering between extensor tendons, paralysis of FCU and variable sensory loss is consistent with
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
tardy ulnar palsy
This is a radial nerve compression caused from direct pressure against a firm object, can be following a deep sleep after becoming intoxicated
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
saturday night palsy
the pathogenesis for this is segmental demyelination
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
saturday night palsy
Paralysis of wrist and finger extensors and diminishing grip strength is shown in
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
Saturday night palsy
This neuropathy is in the forefoot, common in people 45-60, women are affected more than men and is seen when they excessively pronate
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
mortons neuroma
Mechanical irritation from intrinsic or extrinsic factors and inflammatory conditions causes
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
mortons neuroma
Burning, tingling, sharp pain in interspaces of forefoot
a. saturday night palsy
b. tardy ulnar palsy
c. bells palsy
d. mortons neuroma
mortona neuroma
Palpate met heads and squeezing foot medially and laterally is _ sign
muddlers sign
Dorsiflex toe that is involved is _ sign
lasegues sign
This type of nerve injury is a possible toxic effect of alcohol or nutritional deficiencies
alcoholic neuropathy
This type of neuropathy is due to segmental demyelination, axonal degeneration in which changes begin distally and move proximally
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
alcoholic neuropathy
Minor loss of muscle bulk, decreased ankle reflexes, impaired sensation in the feet, and aching calves is seen with
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
alcoholic neurpathy
This type of neuropathy is related to initial involvement of motor neuron cell bodies affected, the surviving axons increase the size of innervation ratio
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
post-polio syndrome
This neuropathy is ongoing muscle denervation and is evident when surviving motor neurons can no longer support and maintain additional muscle innervation
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
post polio syndrome
Muscle strength declines, pain, atrophy, respiratory and swallowing problems are common with this type of neuropathy
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
post polio syndrome
This virus lies dormant in sensory ganglia of cranial and spinal nerves during adulthood
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
herepes zoster
A reactivated virus causes an inflammatory response in sensory ganglion and spreads along spinal and peripheral nerves
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
herpes zoster
Pain and tingling in the dermatomal area, rash developing and becoming vesicles, skin lesions that may last up to a month, trigeminal and thoracic dermatomes can be involved in this type of neuropathy
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
herpes zoster
Trigeminal neuralgia is more common in
women than men between 50-70
Pain is due to activity at the site of the involvement which can be sharp, stabbing, can have allodynia
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
trigeminal neuralgia
or tic douloureux
A sudden onset of pain with variable time-wise and any mechanical stimulation can cause an attack
a. post polio syndrome
b. alcoholic neuropathy
c. trigeminal neuralgia
d. herpes zoster
trigeminal neuralgia
or tic douloureux
Development of symptoms prior to the discovery of the tumor and the cell body can be at any site
a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies
paraneoplastic neuropathies
This is caused by the body attempting to attack the cancer antigen and subsequently attacks membrane receptors or receptors within the neurons
a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies
paraneoplastic neuropathies
Numbness and paresthesias, burning and aching pain, may have CNS involvement
a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies
paraneoplastic neuropathies
With this neuropathy, both the CNS and the PNS can be affected and it affects neurons innervating muscles in the UE
a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies
lead neuropathy
This neuropathy is caused by an ingestion of a potent neurotoxin specifically food, wound, infant or unclassified
a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies
botulism
This type of neuropathy shows symptoms that may develop 12-36 hours after exposure, malaise, weakness, blurred vision, slurred speech, and difficulty swallowing
a. lead neuropathy
b. botulism
c. trigemenial neuralgia
d. paraneoplastic neuropathies
botulism
this neuropathy can stem from variety of conditions and patients have pain, ANS dysfunction, edema and movement disorders
CPRS
