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chapter 30 Flashcards

1
Q

this type of tumor arises in the CNS, is malignant or non-malignant, named for the cell in which they originate

a. primary brain/CNS tumor
b. metastatic tumor
c. benign
d. malignant

A

primary brain/CNS tumor

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2
Q

this type of tumor is cancer cells that begin in the lung, breast, colon or skin, is spread to the brain via bloodstream, is life-threating, all are malignant by definition

a. primary brain/CNS tumor
b. metastatic tumor
c. benign
d. malignant

A

metastatic tumor

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3
Q

this type of tumor is usually rapidly growing, invasive, life-threating can spread within brain and SC

a. primary brain/CNS tumor
b. metastatic tumor
c. benign
d. malignant

A

malignant

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4
Q

this type of tumor is slow growing, has distinct borders, rarely spreads

a. primary brain/CNS tumor
b. metastatic tumor
c. benign
d. malignant

A

benign

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5
Q

examples of this tumor are gliomas, strocytoma

a. primary brain/CNS tumor
b. metastatic tumor
c. benign
d. malignant

A

primary brain/CNS tumor

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6
Q

examples of this tumor are glioma, astrocytoma, glioblastoma

a. primary brain/CNS tumor
b. metastatic tumor
c. benign
d. malignant

A

malignant

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7
Q

examples of this tumor are vestibular schwannoma, meningioma, pituitary adenoma

a. primary brain/CNS tumor
b. metastatic tumor
c. benign
d. malignant

A

benign

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8
Q

How do brain tumors primarily impact through compression?

A 
cerebral tissue
brain substance 
cranial nerves
invasion/infiltration of cerebral tissue
bone erosin
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9
Q

What are pathophysiologic changes that happen in a primary or secondary CNS tumor?

A

cerebral edema

increased intracranial pressure

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10
Q

What are initial signs related to primary or secondary CNS tumors?

A

increase in intracranial pressure

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11
Q

what symptom is the most common with primary or secondary CNS tumors?

a. fatigue
b. weight loss
c. nausea/vomiting
d. headache

A

headache

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12
Q

what are the symptoms found with primary or secondary CNS tumors?

A 
headache
nausea and vomiting
mental clouding 
loss of consciousness and cognition 
behavioral changes
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13
Q

a group of cells that support, insulate and metabolically assist the neurons

A

glial cells

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14
Q

this glial cell provides nutrition for neurons

a. ependymal cells
b. oligodendrocytes
c. schwann
d. astrocytes

A

astrocytes

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15
Q

this glial cell produces myelin sheath of axonal projections of CNS neurons

a. ependymal cells
b. oligodendrocytes
c. schwann
d. astrocytes

A

oligodendrocytes

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16
Q

this glial cell lines the ventricles and produces CSF

a. ependymal cells
b. oligodendrocytes
c. schwann
d. astrocytes

A

ependymal cells

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17
Q

this glial cell produces the myelin sheath of the axonal projections of PNS neurons

a. ependymal cells
b. oligodendrocytes
c. schwann
d. astrocytes

A

schwann cells

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18
Q

this glioma is slow growing, a calcified tumor, adults usually, found in frontal lobe, and may present with stroke like symptoms

a. low grade astrocytoma
b. ependymoma
c. oligodendroglioma
d. medulloblastoma

A

oligodendroglioma

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19
Q

oligodendroglioma is found in the _ lobe

A

frontal

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20
Q

there is recurrence with oligodendroglioma (true/false)

A

true

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21
Q

this glioma is found in the fourth ventricle, more prevalent in children, psuedorosette formation and can be detected early

a. low grade astrocytoma
b. ependymoma
c. oligodendroglioma
d. medulloblastoma

A

ependymoma

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22
Q

ependymoma is commonly found in the _ _

A

fourth ventricle

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23
Q

this is a slow-growing neoplasm that can become malignant over time

a. low-grade astrocytoma
b. ependymoma
c. oligodendroglioma
d. medulloblastoma

A

low-grade astrocytoma

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24
Q

slow-growing, well-differentiated, may become large

A

grade I low grade astrocytoma

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25
diffuse, infiltrative, anapestic describes | grade _ astrocytoma
grade II low-grade astrocytoma
26
low-grade astrocytoma is commonly found in the _ lobe
frontal
27
what lobes can low grade astrocytoma be found in
frontal parietal and temporal occipital
28
initial symptoms are focal headache that becomes generalized as ICP increases a. low grade astrocytoma b. ependymoma c. oligodendroglioma d. medulloblastoma
low grade astrocytoma
29
this glioma occurs in ages 50-60, is fast-growing, aggressive, infiltrative and prognosis is poor a. low-grade astrocytoma b. ependymoma c. high-grade astrocytoma d. medulloblastoma
high-grade astrocytoma
30
anaplastic, fast-growing, aggressive, infiltrative, invades both cerebral hemispheres via corpus callosum and may present with a unilateral headache grade _
grade III high-grade astrocytoma
31
this astrocytoma is fast growing, extremely aggressive, infiltrative and poor prognosis grade _
grade IV gliobastoma multiforme
32
this glioma has unknown origin, found in the vermis, rapidly growing malignant, metasizes to the surface of CNS, found in children and adults a. low grade astrocytoma b. ependymoma c. oligodendroglioma d. medulloblastoma
medulloblastoma
33
what are the tumors from supporting structures
meningioma pituitary adenoma neurinoma
34
this tumor from a supporting structure is slow growing, benign, originates in the arachnoid layer and can be more common in later years of life a. pituitary adenoma b. meningioma c. neurinoma d. medulloblastoma
meningioma
35
the prognosis of meningioma is (good/poor)
good
36
this tumor of a supporting structure is benign, in middle-age to older people, related to hormone changes, with a favorable prognosis a. pituitary adenoma b. meningioma c. neurinoma d. medulloblastoma
pituitary adenoma
37
hypopituitarism means
nonfunctional or not secreting
38
fatigue, weakness, changes in secondary sexual characteristics could suggest
hypopituitarism
39
pituitary adenoma can cause
hirsutusm
40
this tumor of a supporting structure is slow growing, originates from schwann cells, develops on the 8th cranial nerve a. pituitary adenoma b. meningioma c. neurinoma d. medulloblastoma
neurinoma
41
neruinoma occurs mainly in people ages
40-60
42
this tumor shows unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, unsteadiness, facial numbness, difficulty swallowing, impaired eye movement and taste disturbances
neurinoma
43
what are the intraspinal tumors
intradural-intramedullary intradural-extrameduallary extradural-extramedullary
44
this intraspinal tumor is in the dura and the SC, cells are astrocytomas and ependymomas, it is the least common out of all and shows UMN or LMN changes a. extradural-extramedullary b. intradural-intramedullary c. intradural-extramedullary d. neurinoma
intradural-intramedullary
45
this intraspinal tumor is in the dura, outside the cord, it is the most common tumor in adults, the tumor types are neuringomas and meningiomas and has knife-like radicular pain radiating to periphery a. extradural-extramedullary b. intradural-intramedullary c. intradural-extramedullary d. neurinoma
intradural-extrameduallary
46
this intraspinal tumor is outside the dura, outside the cord, metastatic is the most common, it is found in the cervical or sacral regions and it can become destructive to bone a. extradural-extramedullary b. intradural-intramedullary c. intradural-extramedullary d. neurinoma
extradural-extramedullary
47
arises from vertebral bodies in cervical and sacral regions
extradural-extramedullary
48
the goal of this treatment is total excision while minimizing trauma to vital neural structures a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
surgery
49
complications of this treatment include hemorrhage, infection, seizures, hydrocephalus, residual neurological deficits a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
surgery
50
this is effective for most malignant brain tumors following surgery a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
radiation therapy
51
the side effects of this treatment are fatigue, nausea/vomiting, weakness, headache, necrosis, cerebral edema a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
radiation therapy
52
this type of treatment can be used alone or in combo with other therapies a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
chemotherapy
53
side effects of this treatment include myelosuppression, induced peripheral neuropathy, cognitive changes, cardiotoxicity, fatigue/weakness, nausea/vomiting, balance deficits, falls, anemia, lethargy a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
chemotherapy
54
this type of treatment is used to decrease edema around the tumor or edema caused by treatment a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
corticosteroids
55
this can be used before or after tumor resection, used to decrease edema caused by radiation a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
corticosteroids
56
the side effects of this treatment are impaired glucose control, proximal muscle wasting, steroid-induced personality changes, weight gain a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. corticosteroids d. surgery
corticosteroids
57
this type of treatment is comfort for a patient when medical intervention is no longer a viable option
palliative care
58
how does metastatic disease reach the brain?
arterial system
59
metastatic disease most commonly arises in distribution area of the _
MCA
60
metastatic disease reaches the brain creating lesions most commonly located in _ or _ lobes
parietal | frontal
61
list the most common cancers to metastasize to the brain
``` lung breast kidney GI tract melanoma ```
62
what are the clinical manifestations of brain metastasis?
headache seizures elevated ICP symptoms may progress rapidly
63
what are the clinical manifestations of spinal metastais?
back pain most common symptom | pain progresses to weakness, sensory loss, bladder sphincter disturbance
64
Neurinoma shows all of the following symptoms except a. dysphagia b. vertigo c. bilateral hearing loss d. tinnitus
bilateral hearing loss | unilateral
65
metastatic tumor begins in _,_,_ or _
lung breast colon skin
66
neurinoma develops on which cranial nerve
8th
67
which intraspinal tumor is destructive to bone
extradural-extramedullary
68
this arises from vertebral bodies in cervical and sacral regions
spinal chondroma
69
symptoms of brain metastasis progress (slowly/rapidly)
rapidly

Patho II (9 decks)

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