Infectious disease Flashcards
A new infection in bone, caused by staph aureus, in children, older adults and IV drug abusers
a. chronic osteomyelitis
b. acute osteomyelitis
c. hematogenous osteomyelitis
d. myositis
acute osteomyelitis
Acute osteomyelitis is typically caused by _
staph aures
What population is acute osteomyelitis most common in?
a. children and elders
b. immunocompromised
c. health care workers
d. children, older adults, IV drug abusers
children, older adults, IV drug abusers
This enters the body through an open wound or GI tract
a. chronic osteomyelitis
b. acute osteomyelitis
c. hematogenous osteomyelitis
d. myositis
acute osteomyelitis
Longer than a month
a. chronic osteomyelitis
b. acute osteomyelitis
c. hematogenous osteomyelitis
d. myositis
chronic osteomyelitis
In the blood stream and seen in children
a. chronic osteomyelitis
b. acute osteomyelitis
c. hematogenous osteomyelitis
d. myositis
hematogenous osteomyelitis
Inflammatory muscle disease or myositis caused by viral, bacterial or parasitic agents
a. chronic osteomyelitis
b. acute osteomyelitis
c. hematogenous osteomyelitis
d. myositis
myositis
Inflammation of the muscles and their associated tissues
a. chronic osteomyelitis
b. polymyositis
c. hematogenous osteomyelitis
d. myositis
polymyositis
Local response with joint destruction and sepsis
a. infectious arthritis
b. acute osteomyelitis
c. hematogenous osteomyelitis
d. myositis
infectious arthritis
Infectious arthritis can be introduced into the joint by direct _, direct _ or by _ spread
inoculation
extension
hematogenous
Risk factors for developing osteomyelitis
older alcoholism diabetes steroids auto immune suppressive drugs MRSA
Adults experience _ with osteomyelitis
back pain
longer surgery higher risk RA diabetes nutritional status low albumin obesity age risk factors for _
prosthesis/implants infection
This type of prosthesis/implants infection is less than 3 months after surgery
a. early infection
b. delayed infection
c. late infection
d. acute infection
early infection
This type of prosthesis/implants infection is 3-24 months after surgery
a. early infection
b. delayed infection
c. late infection
d. acute infection
delayed infection
this type of prosthesis/infection is more than 24 months after surgery
a. early infection
b. delayed infection
c. late infection
d. acute infection
late infection
history of alcohol abuse IV drug users HIV infection other infectious disease predisposing factors for
infectious arthritis
This involves the lungs and other systems including pulmonary, GI, MSK, lymphatic
extra pulmonary tuberculosis
This is spread through blood to other organs, pain may be localized or referred, lower thoracic and lumbar spine typically involved
a. extra pulmonary tuberculosis
b. skeletal tuberculosis
c. neurological tuberculosis
d. meningitis
skeletal tuberculosis
What is the primary goal for skeletal tuberculosis?
rest and protection of healing tissues
Dont want _ force at joints with skeletal tuberculosis
compressive
Articular cartilage heals (slower/faster)
slower
This type of inflammation is commonly found colonizing on mucosal surfaces in the upper respiratory tract
a. asceptic viral meningitis
b. tuberculoous meningitis
c. bacterial meningitis
d. encephalitis
bacterial meningitis
This inflammation is caused by contamination of the CSF and commonly caused by herpes, enteroviruses, and EBV, drugs
a. asceptic viral meningitis
b. tuberculous meningitis
c. bacterial meningitis
d. encephalitis
asceptic meningitis
This is an inhalation of myocbacterium tuberculosis
a. asceptic viral meningitis
b. tuberculous meningitis
c. bacterial meningitis
d. encephalitis
tuberculous meningitis
This type of meningitis is life threatning, it can cross the blood-brain barrier
a. asceptic viral meningitis
b. tuberculous meningitis
c. bacterial meningitis
d. encephalitis
bacterial meningitis
This type of meningitis is not life threating, it can be treated as it runs it course
a. asceptic viral meningitis
b. tuberculous meningitis
c. bacterial meningitis
d. encephalitis
asceptic (viral) meningitis
Clinical manifestations of meningitis
pain in
positive _ and _ sign
early fever, headache with a stiff and painful neck
pain in lumbar area and posterior thigh
positive Kernigs sign
positive Brudzinski sign
This is pain in the low back and down into the leg with pain in hip flexion and knee extension
a. Kernig sign
b. Brudzinski sign
c. bacterial meningitis
d. viral meningitis
Kernig sign
An acute inflammatory disease caused by direct viral invasion or hypersensitivity initiated by a virus
a. asceptic viral meningitis
b. tuberculoous meningitis
c. bacterial meningitis
d. encephalitis
encephalitis
Inflammation due too encephalitis is usually in the gray matter of the CNS (true/false)
true
Neuronal death due to _ can result in _ _
encephalitis
cerebral edema
Medical management of encephalitis
MRI
scan
This is a rare form of encephalopatheis caused by a single-celled organism without a nucleus
a. Creutz-Jakob disease
b. Mad cow disease
c. prion disease
d. brain abscess
prion disease
Slow, progressive, fatal, rare and asymptomatic describes
a. Creutz-Jakob disease
b. Mad cow disease
c. prion disease
d. brain abscess
Creutz-Jakob disease
Acute, diseased nervous tissue, causes dementia
a. Creutz-Jakob disease
b. Mad cow disease
c. prion disease
d. brain abscess
Mad cow disease
Results from a local infection of a microorganism, progresses more rapidly than tumors and frequently affect meningeal structures
a. Creutz-Jakob disease
b. Mad cow disease
c. prion disease
d. brain abscess
brain abscess
What are causes of brain abscess (3)
bacteria
fungi
parasites
A different clinical manifestation brain abscess shows
focal neurologic signs
What should you expect with patients who have an infection disease of the CNS
abnormal movement
abnormal posturing in acute
Inflammation of the skin and underlying muscle tissue, degeneration of collagen
a. myositis
b. polyositis
c. dermatomyositis
d. hematogenous osteomyelitis
dermatomyositis
Flexion of neck produces flexion of hips & knees (this sign is seen later in disease process)
a. Kernig sign
b. Brudzinski sign
c. bacterial meningitis
d. viral meningitis
Brudzinski sign
How is infection transported to the joint?
surgery
contiguous
hematogenous
the cause can be identified in encephalitis (true/false)
false
What body parts are the most affected by osteomyelitis?
spine, pelvis, extremities
Acute osteomyelitis is common in (children/adults)
chronic osteomyelitis is common in (children/adults)
children
adults and immunocompromised
Hematogenous osteomyelitis is acquired from
preexisting infections
An acute onset of joint pain, swelling, tenderness and loss of motion can be identified as potentially
a. acute osteomyelitis
b. chronic osteomyelitis
c. infectious arthritis
d. skeletal tuberculosis
infectious arthritis
