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Medical Terminology > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Renal Medulla

A

Urine production occurs here

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2
Q

Ureter

A

Composed of smooth muscle where urine/uria travels down

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3
Q

Nephro

A

Renal, Kidneys

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4
Q

Nephropathy

A

Disease of the Kidneys

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5
Q

Nephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidneys

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6
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal Pelvis

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7
Q

Pylogram

A

Imagery of the kidney

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8
Q

Nephrectomy

A

Removing Kidney

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9
Q

Nephrolithiasis

A

Stones in the Kidney

Kidney Stone

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10
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

The swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine

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11
Q

Urethr/o

A

Expels urine out of body

Tube from bladder

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12
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Glomerulus-cluster of vessels responsible for excretion of waste

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13
Q

Gluc/o, Glyc/o Glycos/o

A

Glucose- Referring to sugar

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14
Q

Meat/o

A

A passage or opening leading to the interior of the body/”The urethra meatus”

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15
Q

Nephr/o

A

Referring to the kidney

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16
Q

Ren/o

A

Also of the kidney

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17
Q

Polyuria

A

A lot of urine

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18
Q

Ur/o, Urin/o

A

Waste product of kidney

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19
Q

Renoform

A

Shape of kidney

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20
Q

Dysuria

A

Difficulty urinating

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21
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

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22
Q

Renal A&P

A
  • Removes unwanted waste materials and recycles other materials
  • Contains the kidneys which filter gallons of the fluids from the bloodstream everyday
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23
Q

Urinalysis

A

Urine test

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24
Q

Albuminuria

A

Protein in urine

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25
Q

Anuria

A

Unable to urinate

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26
Q

Bacteriuria

A

Bacteria in urine, sign of infection

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27
Q

Diuresis

A

Excessive urinating

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28
Q

Glycosuria

A

Sugar in urine

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29
Q

Nephron

A

Produces urine in the process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood

30
Q

Pathophysiology- UTI

A
  • Bacteria & Viruses are sometimes able to gain entry into the internal organs from the meatus
  • They are capable of spreading through the urinary tract, bringing disease to the kidneys and beyond
  • Other sources of disease may afflict the urinary system, including tumors, stones, inherited disorders, and cardiovascular disease.
  • Urine testing provides a convenient means for testing general health
31
Q

Uresis

A

Urination, Diuresis

32
Q

Uria/Urea

A

Hematuria, Polyuria

33
Q

Ket/o, Keton/o

A

Ketone

34
Q

Noct/o

A

Night nocturia

35
Q

Olig/o

A

Few in number oliguria

36
Q

Protein/o

A

Protein Proteinuria

37
Q

Py/o

A

Pus Pyuria

38
Q

Ketonuria

A

Ketones in urine

39
Q

Nocturia

A

having to wake up to urinate

40
Q

Oliguria

A

Low urinary output

41
Q

Polyuria

A

Excessive urination

42
Q

Proteinuria

A

Protein in urine

43
Q

Pyuria

A

Pus in urine

44
Q

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

A

Formerly acute renal failure; rapid-onset disease of the kidneys resulting in a failure to produce urine

45
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

46
Q

Urethrocystitis

A

Inflammation of the urethra and bladder

47
Q

Cystocele

A

Herniation of the urinary bladder

48
Q

Cystolith

A

A stone in the urinary bladder

49
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder

50
Q

End-stage kidney disease

A

Failure of both kidneys to form urine from any cause, producing symptoms of nausea, lethargy, itching, mental confusion, and fluid retention (edema); also called renal failure

51
Q

Enuresis

A

The involuntary release of urine, which usually occurs due to a lack of bladder control

52
Q

Nocturnal Enuresis

A

The involuntary release of urine while sleeping

53
Q

Epispadias

A

A congenital defect resulting in the abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus

54
Q

Glomerulonephropathy

A

Any disease of the glomeruli

55
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

Inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidneys

56
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

Occurs when exit of urine from the kidneys becomes blocked and backs up, causing distension of the renal pelvis

57
Q

Nephromegaly

A

Enlargement of the kidney

58
Q

Nephropathy

A
  • Diabetic nephropathy
  • Hypertensive nephropathy
  • Drug-induced- nephropathy
59
Q

Nephroptosis

A

Floating kidney

60
Q

Nephroptosis

A

Floating kidney dur to prolapse

61
Q

Polycystic Kidney disease

A

Cysts all over the kidneys

62
Q

Pyelitis

A

Inflammation of the pelvic

63
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Inflammation of the hilum

64
Q

Stricture

A

Blocks the ureter, abnormal narrowing

  • Ureteral stricture
  • Urethral stricture
65
Q

Stenosis

A

Ureterostenosis

stricture

66
Q

Uremia

A

Excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood

67
Q

Ureteritis

A

Inflammation of a ureter

68
Q

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

A

Lab test that measures urea concentration in a sample of blood

69
Q

Creatinine

A

Protein that is a normal component of urine
955 to 2,936mg per 24 hours for males
601 to 1,689mg per 24 hours for female

70
Q

Hemodialysis

A

A dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial kidney, or a dialyzer, are used to clean your blood
1-4 times a week

71
Q

Peritoneal Dialysis

A

Artificial filtration s a cleansing treatment to compensate for kidney failure by processing fluids form the peritoneal cavity rather than directly from the bloodstream

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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