Cardiovascular Flashcards
1
Q
Angi/o
A
Blood Vessel
2
Q
Aort/o
A
Aorta
3
Q
Arter/o, Arteri/o
A
Artery
4
Q
Atri/o
A
Atrium
5
Q
Cardi/o
A
Heart
6
Q
Coron/o
A
Crown or circle; Heart
7
Q
My/o, Myos/o
A
Muscle
8
Q
Pector/o
A
Chest
9
Q
Valvul/o
A
Little valve
10
Q
Vas/o
A
Vessel
11
Q
Vascul/o
A
Little Vessel
12
Q
Ven/o
A
Vein
13
Q
Ventricul/o
A
Little belly, Ventricle
14
Q
Cardiovascular System
A
- Circulates a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body.
- Carries these materials in the body’s circulation within a series of blood vessels, pushed along mainly by the movements of the heart.
15
Q
Functions of Cardiovascular System
A
-Heart (Pump)
-Blood Vessels (Pipes)
-Blood (Fluid)
Exchange of materials
16
Q
Superior Vena Cava
A
Largest upper vein that returns blood to the heart
17
Q
Inferior Vena Cava
A
Lower vein that returns blood to the heart
18
Q
Pulmonary Artery
A
Artery that flows blood away from the body and into the lungs
19
Q
Left Atrium
A
From the lungs
20
Q
Tricuspid Valve
A
Prevents backflow
21
Q
Bicuspid Valve
A
Prevents backflow
22
Q
Endocardium
A
Inner Wall
23
Q
Myocardium
A
Middle Wall
24
Q
Epicardium
A
Outer Wall
25
Flow of Blood
IVC>SVC>RA>Tri>RV>PSLV>PT(PA)>Lungs>Pv>LA>Bi>LV>ASLV>Aorta>Upper & Lower body
26
Blood Capillaries
Exchange of oxygen, CO2, nutrients and waste products at the cellular level
27
Pulmonary Circuit
Right to left
28
Circulatory Circuit
Left to right
29
Cardiovascular Disease
Can reduce or stop blood flow to parts of the body, which can result in cell death
30
Cardiology
Study of the heart
31
Cardiologist
Specializes in the heart
32
Cardiovascular
The entire circulatory system
33
Angina Pectoris
- A type of chest pain, pressure or discomfort
- Heart is not receiving enough oxygen due to narrowed coronary artery
- Rest and medication (nitrates)
34
Angiospasm
angi/o: blood vessels
Spasm: sudden involuntary muscle contraction (vasospasm)
-Chest pain at rest
35
Arrhythmia
Irregular Pulse
36
Dysrhythmia
Irregular Pulse
37
Bradycardia
Brady: Slow
Cardi/o: Heart
-ia: Condition of
38
Cardiogenic
Origin: The heart
39
Cyanosis
Bluing
40
Palpitation
Fluttering heart beat
41
Tachycardia
Fast heartrate
42
Syncope
Unconsciousness
43
Altered
Lack of oxygen to brain
44
Aneurysm
Expanding of vessel
45
Angioma
```
Benign tumor growth
-Hemangioma
hem/o: blood
angi/o: blood vessel
oma: tumor
```
46
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Aortic Insufficiency (AI)
-Aortic Regurgitation
```
Condition where valves are not working appropriately causing blood to flow backwards
47
Aortic Stenosis
Narrowing of the aorta
48
Aortitis
Inflammation of aorta
49
Coronary Artery Disease
Plaque build up causing narrowing of the coronary artery
50
Coronary occlusion
Partial or complete obstruction of blood flow in a coronary artery
51
Endocarditis
Inner lining of the heart becomes inflamed causing clotting
52
Arteriosclerosis (Artery walls)
Hardening of arteries
53
Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease (ASHD)
Atherosclerosis is a hardening and narrowing of your arteries
54
Atherosclerosis
Narrowing of the artery caused by fatty deposits-type of arteriosclerosis
55
Stenosis
Narrowing
56
Electrocardiography
- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
- Stress ECG
An EKG is a test that examines the heart function by measuring the electrical activity of the heart
57
Sinoatrial node
Controls the hearts electrical activity
| (P)PR Interval
58
QRS node
Muscle contraction from depolarization from the myocardium
59
P
Atrial depolarization
60
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
Opening between the right and left atrium
61
Atriomegaly (Atrial enlargement)
Enlargement of the atrium of the heart
62
Atrioventricular block (AV)
AV node
63
Atrioventricular block (AV)
Impairment of conduction from the atria to the ventricles via the AV junction
64
Fibrillation
| -Atrial Fibrillation (A-fib)
The heart's two upper chambers (the atria) beat chaotically and irregularly — out of coordination with the two lower chambers (the ventricles) of the heart.
65
Ventricular fibrillation
an abnormal heart rhythm in which the ventricles of the heart quiver instead of pumping normally
66
Cardiac Arrest
- The result of either infarction or death of tissue from a blockage
- Electrical activity of the heart being offset
67
Cardiac Tamponade
A cumulation of blood around the pericardium sac
68
Cardiac Tamponade
An accumulation of blood around the pericardium sac
69
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the heart
- The result of high blood pressure
- Expansion or bulging of ventricles
70
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Left ventricular failure
| Enlargement of the left ventricle
71
Cor pulmonale
Right ventricular failure
| Enlargement of the right ventricle
72
Hypertension
- Essential hypertension (No identifiable cause)
- Secondary hypertension
The long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease.
73
Hypotension
Low blood pressure
74
Ischemia
Lack of oxygenated blood reaching tissue
75
Myocarditis
Inflammation of the heart
76
Pericarditis
Inflammation of the pericardium
77
Infarction
Death of tissue secondary to inadequate blood flow
78
Myocardial chest pain s/s
Chest pain, SOB, nausea, diaphoresis, vomiting, pain radiating to the jaw, back, arm, indigestion
79
STEMI
ST Elevation myocardial Infarction
80
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein
81
Thrombosis
Blood clots within one or more blood vessels
82
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of a vein with obstruction by a blood clot
83
Varicosis
A failure of a venous valve
84
Angiography
X-ray, MRI, or CT scan images of a blood vessel using a contrast medium
85
Angioscopy
Visualization of vessel
86
Angioscope
Instrument to visualize
87
Angiostomy
Opening through cannulation
88
Angiostomy
Opening through cannulation
| Catheder
89
Cardiac pacemaker
Shocks the heart into normal rhythm
90
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Chest compressions to sustain blood flow
91
Coronary artery bypass graft
Surgically reroutes the veins during a surgical procedure
92
Coronary Stent
Device mesh to hold artery to hold and sustain blood flow
93
Coronary artery bypass graft
Surgically reroutes the veins during a surgical procedure
Coronary bypass surgery redirects blood around a section of a blocked or partially blocked artery in your heart.
94
Coronary Stent
Device mesh to hold artery to hold and sustain blood flow
| Stent helps prop the artery open
95
Defibrillation
Device that shocks the heart to allow normal rhythm
Automated external defibrillator (AED)
Implantable cardioconverter defibrillator (device) (ICD)
96
Echocardiography
A test that uses sound waves to produce live images of your heart
- Cardiac ultrasonography
- Echocardiogram
Ech/o: Sound
Cardi/o: Heart
-gram: a record or image
97
Embolectomy
Surgical removal of an embolus
98
Holter monitor
Worn for 24 hours that identifies issues to the heart and can treat a patient
99
Embolus
A blood clot, air bubble, piece of fatty deposit, or other object which has been carried in the bloodstream to lodge in a vessel and cause an embolism.
