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Medical Terminology > Digestive > Flashcards

Digestive Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

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2
Q

An/o

A

Anus

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3
Q

Append/o

Appendic/o

A

Appendix

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4
Q

Bil/i

A

Bile fluid of digestion produced by the liver

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5
Q

Cec/o

A

Connects large and small intestine

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6
Q

Chol/e

A

Bile (Cholecystitis: Inflammation of galbladder)

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7
Q

Choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct

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8
Q

Col/o

Colon/o

A

Large intestine

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9
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder

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10
Q

Dent/o

A

Teeth

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11
Q

Duden/o

A

First part of small intestine.

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12
Q

Enter/o

A

Intestine, enterology

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13
Q

Esophag/e

A

Track from pharynx to stomach

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14
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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15
Q

Gingiv/o

A

Gums of the mouth

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16
Q

Gloss/o

A

Tongue, glossitis

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17
Q

Stomat/o

A

Mouth

Stoma

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18
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver, Hepatitis

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19
Q

Ile/o

A

Small intestine

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20
Q

Jejun/o

A

Hunger/empty jejunum

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21
Q

Villus

A

Fingerlike or threadlike protections which facilitate the passage of fluid or nutrients

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22
Q

Lingu/o

A

of the tongue

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23
Q

Or/o

A

Mouth, Oropharynx

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24
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas, exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood sugar

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25
Q

Pepsia, Pept/o

A

Digestion

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26
Q

Peritone/o

A

Lining of abdominal cavity

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27
Q

Proct/o

A

Anus, rectum

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28
Q

Pylor/o

A

Pyloric

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29
Q

Rect/o

A

Last section of colon

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30
Q

Sigm/o

A

S shaped section of lower GI tract

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31
Q

Digestive System

A
  • Converts food into a form the body can use for energy, growth, and repair
  • Uses accessory organs that help digestion by secreting enzymes into the gastrointestinal tract
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32
Q

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

A

-Mouth
-Pharynx
-Esophagus
-Stomach
-Small intestine
>Duodenum
>Jejunum
>Ileum
-Large intestine- absorption of water from the indigestible food
>Cecum
>Colon
>Rectum

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33
Q

Salivary glands

A

Located in mouth assists with lubrication and digestion of food

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34
Q

Liver

A

> Secretes bile to help break down fat for digestion and absorption. All blood leaving the stomach and intestine passes through the liver
The liver processes the blood and breaks down, balances, and creates nutrients for the body to use
It also breaks down medicines in the blood into forms that are easier for the body to use

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35
Q

Gallbladder

A

Bile made in your liver, which helps you digest fasts and certain vitamins, when you eat, your body gets the signal to release it into your small intestine

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36
Q

Flora

A

The GI tract contains bacteria called flora. if flora increase in density or spread to other body areas, severe infections can result.

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37
Q

Dia

A

Through (diarrhea)

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38
Q

Dys

A

Difficult, bad (Dysphagia)

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39
Q

Re

A

Toward back (reflux)

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40
Q

Flux/o

A

Flow (reflux)

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41
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach (Gastr/o/enter/ology)

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42
Q

Halit/o

A

Breath (halitosis) esp. smell

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43
Q

Phag/o

A

Eat, swallow (dysphagia)

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44
Q

Steat/o

A

Fat (steatolysis)

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45
Q

Halitosis

A

Bad breath

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46
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting blood

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47
Q

Hepatomegaly

A

Liver enlargement

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48
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowing of the skin

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49
Q

N/V

A

Nausea and vomiting

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50
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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51
Q

Appendic/o

A

Hang below

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52
Q

Cheil/o

A

Lip

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53
Q

Cirrh/o

A

Orange blisters in liver

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54
Q

Col/o

A

Colon

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55
Q

Diverticul/o

A

Passage, pouches

56
Q

Enter/o

A

Small intestine

57
Q

Lip/o

A

Fat cell

58
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

59
Q

Orex/o

A

Appetite

60
Q

An

A

Orexia

61
Q

Parot/o

A

Salivary

62
Q

Pept/o

A

Processing of food

63
Q

al

A

Pertaining to

64
Q

ectasis

A

dilation of a hollow organ gastrectasis

65
Q

ia

A

condition of

66
Q

iasis

A

condition of

67
Q

ic

A

Pertaining to

68
Q

itis

A

inflammation

69
Q

malacia

A

softening

70
Q

megaly

A

enlargement

71
Q

oid

A

resembling

72
Q

oma

A

tumor

73
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A

Condition of anorexia a type mental block where a person does not eat

74
Q

Appendicitis

A

Small organ becomes infected with bacteria and produces and expands that leads to a rupture of the appendix

75
Q

Bulimia

A

Condition which will a person will eat substantially and force themselves to vomit

76
Q

Cheilitis (Keel-itis)

A

Inflammation of the lip

77
Q

Cheilosis (Keel-osis)

A

condition of the lip

78
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder

79
Q

Choledochitis

A

Inflammation of the duct leading towards the duodenum

80
Q

Choledocholithiasis

A

Gallstones leading to blockage

81
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Stones develop in the gallbladder

82
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Liver failure

83
Q

Cleft Palate

A

A cleft palate is an opening or split in the roof of the mouth that occurs when the tissue doesn’t fuse together during development in the womb

84
Q

Colitis

A

Inflammation of the large intestine

85
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A

Condition where you have stretching ulcerations on the colon itself

86
Q

Colorectal Cancer

A

Anal and rectal cancer

87
Q

Crohn Disease

A

Inflammation of the bowels

88
Q

Duodenal Ulcer

A

Bleeding of the duodenal
S/S melena (dark stool)
Low BP
ALOC

89
Q

Diverticula

A

Pouch that develops on the colon and is caused by constipation, Bacteria

90
Q

Diverticulitis

A

infection or inflammation of pouches that can form in your intestines

91
Q

Diverticulosis

A

Condition of diverticulitis

92
Q

Gastric Cancer

A

Cancer of the stomach

93
Q

Gastric Ulcer

A

A sore on the lining of your stomach, small intestine or esophagus

94
Q

Gastritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach lining

95
Q

Gastric Ulcer

A

A sore on the lining of your stomach, small intestine or esophagus
S/S Coffee ground emesis
Melena
Hemoptysis-Vomit on blood

96
Q

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

A

Cardiac sphincters does not control the flow of reflux and causes burning and pain

97
Q

Gastromalacia

A

Softening in the stomach which causes difficulty with digestion

98
Q

Giardiasis (Giradia)

A

Bacteria that can get into the digestive track “Food poisoning”

99
Q

Hiatal Hernia

A

A hiatal hernia is a condition in which the upper part of your stomach bulges through an opening in your diaphragm

100
Q

Inguinal Hernia

A

An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue, such as part of the intestine, protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles

101
Q

Direct Inguinal Hernia

A

Direct inguinal hernias involve a “defect” or weak space which has thinned out in the abdominal wall, in this case the lower abdominal wall, the groin.

102
Q

Umbilical Hernia

A

An umbilical hernia occurs when part of your intestine bulges through the opening in your abdominal muscles near your bellybutton (navel)

103
Q

Strangulated Hernia

A

A strangulated hernia is a hernia that is cutting off the blood supply to the intestines and tissues in the abdomen

104
Q

Pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the pancreas which leads to reduction of hormones

105
Q

Parotitis

Sialadenitis

A

Inflammation of the salivary glands

106
Q

Peptic Ulcer

A

An erosion into the inner wall of an organ along the GI tract

107
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum

108
Q

Polyp

A

Any abnormal mass of tissue that projects inward from the wall of a hollow organ

109
Q

Polyposis

A

The presence of many polyps

110
Q

Proct/o

A

Rectum

111
Q

Ptosis

A

Drooping

112
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

113
Q

Centesis

A

Surgical puncture

114
Q

Gastric Lavage

A
  • Colonic irrigation

- Enema

115
Q

Gavage

A

-Nasogastric tube

116
Q

GI Endoscopy

A
  • Esophagoscopy: esophagus
  • Gastroscopy: Stomach
  • Esophagogastroduodenoscopy: esophagus, stomach and duodenum
117
Q

GI Endoscopy

A
  • Laparoscopy: abdomen
  • Colonoscopy: Colon
  • Sigmoidoscopy: Sigmoid colon
  • Proctoscopy: Rectum and anus
118
Q

Procititis

A

Inflammation of anus and rectum

119
Q

Proctoptosis

A

Prolapsed rectum exteriorly

120
Q

Volvulus

A

Twisting intestines

121
Q

Abdominocentesis

A

Surgical puncture of the abdomen

122
Q

Antacid

A

help neutralize stomach acid

123
Q

Antiemetic

A

Anti vomitting

124
Q

Antispasmodic

Antidiarrheal

A

Relaxes the vowels

125
Q

Appendectomy

A

Surgical removal of appendix

126
Q

Bariatric Surgery

A

Part of stomach is removed

127
Q

Cheilorrhaphy

A

Surgical repair of the lips

128
Q

Cholecystectomy

A

Gallbladder removal

129
Q

Cholecystogram

A

Measurement of the gallbladder

130
Q

Colonoscopy

A

Viewing of the colon

131
Q

Colectomy

A

Removal of part of colon

132
Q

Colostomy

Stoma

A

Hole in the stomach

133
Q

Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

A

Blood in fecal matter

134
Q

Gastrectomy

A

Removal or part or all of stomach

135
Q

Gastric lavage

  • colonic irrigation
  • enema
A

Cleaning out of colon

136
Q

Gavage

-Nasogastric tube

A

Force feed through a tube

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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