Renal 2 Flashcards
ATN
- history
- labs
- casts
follows hypovolemic shock
Uosm 300-350
UNa greater than 20
FeNa greater than 2
muddy brown casts
casts in chronic renal failure
broad casts
waxy casts
fatty casts
nephrotic syndrome
RBC casts
glomerulonephritis
WBC casts
interstitial nephritis
pyelonephritis
for oxalate stones, reduce intake of
vitamin C
cystinuria involves defective transport of
cystine
ornithine
arginine
lysine
cyanide nitroprusside test positive
cystinuria
mixed cryoglobulinemia sxs and associated infection
proteinuria
hematuria
palpable purpura
Hep C
rheumatoid arthritis or IBD with proteinuria…
amyloidosis
indications for suprapubic cath
urethral cath isn’t possible
- urethral strictures
- severely enlarged prostate
UTI with alkaline urine
proteus
differential for papillary necrosis
NSAID Sickle cell Analgesic abuse Infection (pyelonephritis) Diabetes
labs of SIADH
Sosm less than 270
urine osmol greater than serum osmol
UNa greater than 20
giving NS makes urine sodium excretion increase, but keeps serum sodium the same
preferred imaging for ureteral stone
US or non contrast spiral CT
lupus: 2 kidney diseases and characteristics
lupus nephritis: decreased C3 and C4
membranous glomerulonephritis: immune complexes in subepithelial space
what predisposes you to calcium phosphate stones
primary hyperparathyroidism
RTA
what predisposes you to uric acid stones
increased cell turnover
dehydration
what predisposes you to calcium oxalate stones, and mechanism
small bowel dz
surgical resection
chronic diarrhea
malabsorption of fatty acids and bile salts.. increases reabs of oxalic acid
treatment of RTA
oral bicarb replacement
metabolic derangements in RTA 4
hyperkalemic
hyperchloremic
metabolic acidosis
(opposite of pyloric stenosis!)
CAH associated with what RTA
RTA 4
autoimmune disorders associated with what RTA
RTA 1
complication of nephrotic syndrome, especially membranous glomerulonephropathy, and what are the symptoms
retinal vein thrombosis
- abd pain
- fever
- hematuria
lymphoma causes what nephrotic syndrome
minimal change disease
NSAIDs cause what nephrotic syndrome
minimal change disease
membranous nephropathy
lupus causes what nephrotic syndrome
membranous nephropathy
adenocarcinoma causes what nephrotic syndrome
membranous nephropathy
characteristics of hepatorenal syndrome, and treatment
decr GFR
incr creatinine
no response to fluids
liver transplant
when do you use gentamicin for UTI
combination therapy for severe infxn or resistant / hospital acquired infection
