Neuro 1 Flashcards

1
Q

biggest risk factor of lacunar strokes

A

HTN

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2
Q

tx of parkinson’s tremor

A

benztropine

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3
Q

tx of huntington’s chorea

A

haldol

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4
Q

parkinsonism, autonomic dysfunction, widespread neurological signs

  • dx
  • tx
A

Shy Drager / multiple system atrophy

intravasc volume expansion with fludricortisone, salt, alpha agonist, compression stockings

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5
Q

sxs of shy dragger / multiple system atrophy

A

parkinsonism
autonomic dysfunction
widespread neurological signs

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6
Q

characteristics of riley day / familial dysautonomia

A

Ashkenazi jew
dysfunction of autonomic NS
orthostatic hypotension

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7
Q

tx Lewy body dementia

A
acetylcholenesterase inhibitors (rivastigmine)
if that doesn't work and still hallucinations, atypical antipsychotics
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8
Q

after fibrinolytics

  • goal BP
  • use what med to bring down BP
A

less than 185/110 24 hours after

labetalol

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9
Q

seizure in child that’s similar to absence, but isn’t affected by hyperventilation

A

focal seizures

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10
Q

sxs of lateral cerebellar infarction

A

dizzy
ataxia
weakness
tendency to sway to side of lesion

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11
Q

brown sequard IL and CL sxs

A

IL: motor (weakness), vibration, proprioception
CL: temp, pain

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12
Q

MC site of hypertensive hemorrhage

A

putamen, which is part of basal ganglia (and usually involves internal capsule, which causes hemiparesis)

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13
Q

eye deviation with thalamus

A

eye deviates Toward HEMIPARESIS

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14
Q

complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage and timing

A

within 1 hour: rebreeding

after 3 hours: vasospasm

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15
Q

cerebral vasospasm after SAH

  • how to diagnose
  • what to prevent
A

CTA

nimodipine

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16
Q

Uthoff and Lhermitte sign of MS

A

Uthoff: increase sxs in heat
Lhermitte: electric sensation down spine or limbs with neck flexion

17
Q

most common brain tumor in kids

A

astrocytoma

18
Q

syringomyelia associated with

A

arnold chiari malformation type 1 (brain tissue extends into spinal cord)

19
Q

management of brain mets, single vs multiple

A

single and accessible and good functioning person: surgery followed by stereotactic or whole brain radiation
single, nonsurg cand, small less than 3 cm, or inaccessible lesion: sterotactic radiation
multiple: whole brain radiation

20
Q

cauda equina syndrome involves compression of

A

spinal nerve roots

21
Q

clinical indications for craniotomy

A
GCS less than 8
signs of incr ICP
pupillary abnormalities
hemiparesis
cerebellar signs
22
Q

DOC for partial seizures

A

phenytoin

23
Q

anterior cord sxs

A

loss of motor, pain, temp

24
Q

acute disk prolapse sxs

A

pos straight leg raise

radicular pain

25
Q

tx of myasthenia crisis (respiratory failure)

A

corticosteroids and IVIG or plasmapharesis

26
Q

ascending paralysis without weakness, and progresses in hours. dx?

A

tick borne paralysis

27
Q

long term effects of bad meningitis

A
seizures
hearing loss
loss of cognitive function
MR
spasticity or paresis
28
Q

prophylaxis for cluster headaches

A

lithium
ergotamine
verapamil

29
Q

tx for cluster headaches

A

100% oxygen

IM sumatriptan

30
Q

pronator drift is a sign of

A

pyramidal tract / corticospinal tract disease

or upper motor neuron disease