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Su: Phys 2 > Renal 2 > Flashcards

Renal 2 Flashcards

1
Q

High (99%) reabsorption

A

H2O
Ca2+
HCO3-
CL-
Na+
Glu

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2
Q

excretion equation

A

excretion = filtration - reabs + secretion

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3
Q

Low reabsorption

A

Urea
K+

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4
Q

urea reabsorption rate

A

44%

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5
Q

urea is an effective osmol in

A

the kidney

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6
Q

effective osmol

A

does not move freely in or out of cell

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7
Q

ADH effect in kidney

A

incr urea transporters in kidney
incr urea reabsorption
incr H2O reabsorption

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8
Q

K+ reabsorption rate

A

86%

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9
Q

why is K+ reabsorption rate lower

A

decr K+ reabsorption rate in order to favor Na+ reabsoprtion

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10
Q

Glomerulotubular balance

A

incr GFR results in incr reabsorption of filtrate

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11
Q

what % of PT filtrat is absorbed

A

67%

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12
Q

GTB prevents

A

washout
- minimizes large swings in urine volume when GFR is high

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13
Q

GTB pressures

A

incr colloid oncotic P
decr hydrostatic P

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14
Q

without GTB

A

urine volume increases significantly with high GFR

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15
Q

proximal tubule reabsorbs:

A

67% Na+/Cl-/K+/H2O
80% HCO3-
98% Glu/AA/Pi

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16
Q

most important transporters for Na+/H2O reabasorption

A

Na/K+ ATPase

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17
Q

carbonic anhydrase function

A

turns CO2 and H2O into carbonic acid

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18
Q

ANG2 renal function

A

incr NHE
incr Na+/K+ ATPase
incr HCO3- transporter

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19
Q

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are

A

K+ wasting

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20
Q

TF/P > 1

A

substance reabsorbed less than H2O or secreted into PT

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21
Q

TF/P > 1 examples

A

creatine
urea

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22
Q

TF/P = 1

A

no reabsorption or secretion in PT

OR

reabsorption of H2O at same rate as substance

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23
Q

TF/P = 1 examples

A

Cl-
Na+

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24
Q

TF/P < 1

A

more substance reabsorbed than H2O in PT

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25
TF/P <1 examples
HCO3- Glu AA
26
Tm or Tmax
Transport maximum - the point when increasing concentration does not result in increased transport across membrane - the point when excess will be excreted
27
filtered load
FL = [P Glu] x GFR
28
threshold
[P Glu] when Glu begins to show up in urine
29
threshold > Tm
incr Glu excretion
30
counter current multiplier
nephron
31
counter current exchanger
vasa rector
32
what drives H2O reabsorption
counter current exchanger (vasa rector)
33
blood flow in vasa rector
slow to give more time to pick up salts
34
descending vasa rector
incr salts
35
ascending vasa rector
incr H2O
36
vasa recta function
bring salts/H2O back into circulation
37
loop diurectics
disrupt the CCM and CCE - decr H2O reabs - incr excretion
38
loop diuretics wasting
Ca2+ wasting K+ wasting
39
thiazide diuretics wasting
K+ wasting (promote Ca2+ absorption)
40
amelioride wasting
K+ sparing
41
incr fraction of Na+ will _____ diuretics
increase power of diuretic
42
principle cell regulation mechanism
high flow incr cilia bending incr 2d messengers incr ROMK K+ secreted via ROMK incr K+ excretion
43
if you increase K+ secretion, you
incr K+ excretion
44
what causes higher flow
CA inhibitors loop diuretics thiazide diuretics
45
diuretic effect
decr Na+ reabs decr H2O reabs incr naturesis incr diuresis decr ECF volume decr HTN/edema
46
causes of CKD
genetic uncontrolled diabetes HTN
47
TGF impact on CKD
accelerates CKD
48
plasma waste
Cr urea
49
plasma waste is dependent on
filtration
50
decr GFR results in ______ [plasma]
decr GFR = incr [plasma]
51
plasma acid/base
Pi H+
52
decr GFR = ____pi/H+
incr H+ incr Pi
53
plasma electrolytes
Na+ Cl-
54
decr GFR = _____ Na+/Cl-
minimal change to Na+/Cl-
55
what increases ADH
incr [P Na+] decr plasma volume
56
ADH brings back a ______ volume
hypotonic
57
block ADH
incr [Na+]
58
block RAAS
no change to [Na+]
59
ADH effects
incr NKCCs incr Na+/K+ incr ENAC incr AQP2 incr UTA1 (urea reabs) EA constriction
60
ADH ON
incr ADH = incr plasm osm Small volume of high concentrated urine
61
ADH OFF
decr ADH = decr plasm osm large volume of dilute urine
62
where is renin release
juxtaglomerular cells
63
RAAS effects
vasoconstriction EA constriction incr NHE incr aldosterone incr ADH
64
EA constriction
incr FF - decr RBF - incr GFR
65
block aldosterone
still incr K+ excretion but not as much can lead to hyperkalemia
66
ANP/BNP effects
oppose RAAS - decr ECFV
67

Su: Phys 2 (12 decks)

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