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Su: Phys 2 > Body Fluids > Flashcards

Body Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

TBW equation

A

TBW = ICF + ECF

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2
Q

TBW

A

42 L

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3
Q

ICF

A

28L

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4
Q

ECF

A

14 L

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5
Q

ECF =

A

ECF = IF + Plasma

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6
Q

IF

A

11L

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7
Q

Plasma

A

3L

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8
Q

primary driver of ICF tonicity/volume

A

K+

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9
Q

primary driver of ECF tonicity/volume

A

NaCl

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10
Q

ICF composition

A

high K+
high Mg2+
High Protein
High HPO4-

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11
Q

ECF composition

A

High Na+
High Ca2+
High Cl-
High HCO3-

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12
Q

plasma composition

A

high Na+
high Ca2+
High Cl-
High HCO3-
High protein

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13
Q

is the concentration of proteins higher in the ECF or the plasma?

A

Plasma

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14
Q

Gibbs donnan effect

A

semi permeable membrane results in uneven distribution of particles

attach more cations
repel more anions

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15
Q

osmolarity

A

dilution of particles in 1 L of fluid

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16
Q

osmolality

A

dilution of particles in 1 kg of fluid

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17
Q

primary disposal site for K+

A

skeletal muscle cells

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18
Q

causes of hyperkalemia

A

hyperosmolarity
exercise
cell lysis
acidosis

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19
Q

causes of hypokalemia

A

insulin
beta agonist
aldosterone
alkalosis

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20
Q

normokalemia

A

3.5-5.5 mEq/L

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21
Q

hypokalemia

A

< 3.5 mEq/L

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22
Q

hyperkalemia

A

> 5.5 mEq/L

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23
Q

hypokalemia can cause

A

delayed ventricle repolarization

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24
Q

hypercalemia can cause

A

arrythmias
VFib

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25
Q

resting membrane potential

A

RMP ~ [K+]icf / [K+]ecf

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26
Q

hypokalemia ____ RMP

A

decreases RMP
= harder to depolarize

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27
Q

hyperkalemia _____ RMP

A

incr RMP
= easier to depolarize

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28
Q

hypokalemia ECG changes

A

delayed ventricle repolarization
peaked P wave
prolonged PR
ST depression
shallow T wave
U wave

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29
Q

hyperkalemia ECG changes

A

VFib
wide/flat P wave
prolonged PR
decr R wave
wide QRS
ST depression
tall/peaked T wave

30
Q

what controls fluid movement between plasma and ICF

A

starling forces

31
Q

what controls fluid movements between ECF and ICF

A

osmosis (AQP)

32
Q

the renal system takes _______ to line up with changes in intake

A

2-3 days

33
Q

NET Na+ retention effects

A

incr ECFV
decr RAAS
Incr ADH

34
Q

hypervolemia trends towards

A

pulm edema

35
Q

hypovolemia trends towards

A

decr organ perfusion

36
Q

tonicity

A

gradient between ICF and ECF

37
Q

isotonic

A

no net fluid movment

38
Q

hypotonic

A

[ECF] < [Cell]

fluid move INTO cell
Swell
incr Hct

39
Q

hypertonic

A

[ECF] > [Cell]

fluid move OUT of cell
shrink
decr Hct

40
Q

what stops fluid movement

A

the 2 fluids become isotonic to each other

41
Q

crystalloids

A

cross semi-perable membrane

42
Q

isotonic crystalloid

A

LR
0.9% saline

43
Q

hypertonic crystalloids

A

3% saline
mannitol

44
Q

hypertonic crystalloid indication

A

hyponatremia
brain swelling

45
Q

hypotonic crystalloids

A

0.45% saline
5% dextrose

46
Q

hypotonic crystalloid indication

A

hypernatremia

47
Q

how are crystalloids categorized

A

based on [electrolyte] in solution vs plasma

48
Q

colloids

A

HES/dextrans

49
Q

colloids last

A

long duration in intravascular space

50
Q

colloid mechanism

A

incr plasma oncotic P
draw H2O from extravascular to blood vessels
mx blood volume

51
Q

60 (60-40-20 rule)

A

TBW ~ 0.6(weight in kg)

52
Q

40

A

ICF ~ 0.4(weight in kg)

53
Q

20

A

ECF ~ 0.2(weight in kg)

54
Q

TBW markers

A

3H2O
2H2O
antipyrine

55
Q

ICF markers

A

none

56
Q

ECF markers

A

22Na
inulin
mannitol

57
Q

ISF =

A

ISF = 3/4 ECF

58
Q

plasma =

A

plasma = 1/4 ECF

59
Q

plasma markers

A

125I-albumin
evans blue

60
Q

TBV

A

TBV = plasma vol/(1-Hct)

61
Q

ICF = (fat adjusted)

A

ICF = 0.67 TBW

62
Q

ECF = fat adjusted

A

ECF = 0.33 TBW

63
Q

what pts should use the fat-adjusted TBW

A

female
infant
elderly

64
Q

volume contraction

A

decr ECFV

65
Q

volume expansion

A

incr ECFV

66
Q

isoosmotic

A

300 mOsm

67
Q

hyperosmotic

A

> 300 mOsm

68
Q

hyposmotic

A

< 300 mOsm

69
Q

sweat containrs

A

more H2O than Na+

70
Q

sweat causes

A

decr ECF
incr plasma Osm

71
Q
A

Su: Phys 2 (12 decks)

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