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Su: Phys 2 > Endo 1 > Flashcards

Endo 1 Flashcards

1
Q

albumin-bound hormones are considered

A

bioavailable

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2
Q

parvicellular neurons produce

A

releasing and inhibiting hormones

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3
Q

neurohormones

A

hypothalamus secretions that target ant pituitary

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4
Q

neurohormone ex

A

TRH
CRH

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5
Q

anterior pituitary produces

A

stimulating hormones

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6
Q

tropic hormones

A

induce growth of targets endocrine gland

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7
Q

non-tropic hormones

A

endoctrine gland secretions that target cells

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8
Q

primary dysfunction

A

dysfunction of endocrine gland

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9
Q

secondary dysfunction

A

dysfunction is elseqhewre

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10
Q

stimulation test

A

determine if target gland is able to respond to its control mechanism

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11
Q

suppression test

A

determine if negative feedback tests are operable

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12
Q

secretory function unit of thyroid gland

A

follice

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13
Q

apical

A

inside near colloid lumen

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14
Q

basolateral

A

outside

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15
Q

cuboidal cell function

A

TG synthesis
I2 –> T3/T4

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16
Q

colloid function

A

TG storage
T3/T4 storage

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17
Q

C Cells (parafollicular cells) function

A

calcitonin production

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18
Q

what can cause an increase in TSH

A

incr TRH
or
TSH-tumor

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19
Q

what causes incr in TSI

A

graves’ dz

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20
Q

TSI ______ the thyroid

A

stimulates the thyroid

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21
Q

graves disease

A

hyperthyroidism

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22
Q

TBG function

A

binds free thyroid hormone
incr hormone production

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23
Q

what inhibits the thyroid

A

incr T3/T4
decr TBG

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24
Q

what inhibits Na+/I- pump?

A

perchlorate
thiocyanate

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25
what inhibits oxidation of I- to I2
PTU
26
primary enzyme in thyroid hormone production
TPO
27
what inhibits TPO
PTU
28
wolff chalkhoff inhibition
excess iodide inhibits TPO
29
what is the funciton of 5'iodinase
T4 --> T3
30
which thyroid hormone is better for THR binding
T3 > T4
31
incr T3/T4 effects
incr BMR incr O2 consumption incr beta adrenergics incr CO bone maturation bone turnover
32
hypothyroid symptoms
cold weight gain decr appetite fatigue weak bradycardia swelling hair loss
33
damage/removal of thyroid
incr TSH
34
I-def
incr TSH
35
hashimotos
incr TSH
36
HPA depression
decr TSH
37
treatment for hypothyroid
hormone replacement
38
hyperthyoid symptoms
hot weight loss incr appetite fatigue hyperactive tachycardia Afib eye lid retraction
39
graves TSH
decr TSH incr TSI
40
hyperthyroid treatment
PTU thyroidectomy B blockers radioactive iodide
41
pituitary adenoma
incr TSH
42
zona glomerulosa hormone
mineralcorticoid -aldosterone
43
zona glomerulosa regulator
Ang2 high K+
44
zona fasiculata hormones
glucocorticoids - corisol
45
zona fasiculata regulator
ACTH
46
zona reticulans hormones
androgens - DHEA - androsteridione
47
zona reticulans regulator
ACTH
48
adrenal medulla hormones
catecholamines - Epi /NE
49
adrenal medulla regulatro
ACTH cortisol pre-ganglionic Ach
50
what converts tyrosine to L-dopa
tyrosine hydroxylase
51
what stimulates tyroisine to L dopa
ACTH sympa
52
what converts Dopa to NE
dopamine B hydroxylase
53
what stimulates Dopa to NE conversion
ACTH sympathetics
54
what converts NE to Epi
PNMT
55
what stimulates NE to Epi conversion
cortisol
56
how much NE vs epi
20% NE 80% epi
57
21 beta deficiency
incr androgens
58
11 beta deficiency
incr DOC incr progesterone incr androgens
59
17 beta deficiency
incr aldosterone
60
what converts cholesterole to pregnenolone
cholesterol desmolase
61
what converts pregnenolone and progesterone to 17 hydroxy P
17 alpha hydroxylase
62
what converts progesterone to DOC
21 beta
63
what converts DOC to corticosterone
11 Beta
64
what converts corticosterone to aldosterone
aldosterone synthase
65
what stimulates cholesterol conversion to pregnenolone
ACTHw
66
what stimulates corticosterone to aldosterone
Angw2
67
cortisol can bind
Mineralcorticoid receptior glucocorticoid receptor
68
cortisol can have
aldosterone like effects
69
epi acts on
distant target cells
70
NE acts on
target cells at release locations
71
catecholamines trigger
glycogenolysis gluconeogeneis lipolysis
72
what transcribes POMC
anterior pituitary
73
POMC 3 functions
ACTH MSH endorphins
74
MSH
skin pigment changes
75
endorphines stimulate
vit D metabolismn
76
glucocorticoid actue effects
incr plasma Glu incr FFA incr AA
77
glucocorticoid chronic
incr BP incr IR incr gluconeogenesis/glycogenolysis decr fibroblast decr iflammation decr immunity decr bone formation
78
chronic glucocorticoids are
anti-inflammatory
79
causes of cushings
secondary glucocorticoid therapy ACTH tumor adrenocortical hyperplasia
80
cushings hormones
incr ACTH incr cortisol incr blood glucose normal aldosterone
81
what increases aldosterone
incr Ang2 incr K+ incr ACTH
82
SE of high aldosterone
HTN hypokalemia
83
addison's diseas
primary adrenal insufficiency
84
addison's hormones
decr cortisol decr aldosterone incr renin incr ACTH incr MSH
85
addison's SE
hypoglycemia hypotension
86
addison's tretment
give cortisol
87
short term stress response
incr HR incr BP incr glycogenolysis incr blood gluincr BMR
88
long term stress response
incr Na+/H2O retention incr BV/BP incr gluconeogenesis incr blood glu decr immune response

Su: Phys 2 (12 decks)

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