Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MRCP > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Rapidly progressive GN (crescentic glomerulonephritis)

A

Nephritic (haematuria, hypertension)
Rapid onset
Often presents as AKI

Causes - Goodpastures, ANCA positive vasculitis (GPA…)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

IgA nephropathy (Mesangioproliferative GN)

A

Nephritic (haematuria, hypertension)
Typically young adult with haematuria after URTI
Onset 1-2 days post-infection
Arthritis

= Henoch Schönlein Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Thiazide diuretics

A

Block thiazide sensitive Na/Cl symporter -> inhibit sodium reabsorption at distal convoluted tubule

Potassium lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Muddy brown casts

Condition?

A

Acute tubular necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Post Streptococcal GN

Presentation
Findings

A

1-2 weeks after previous illness
Proteinuria/haematuria
Low complement
Tea/cola coloured urine

Positive antistreptococcal antibodies (ASO, ABO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Minimal change disease

Features
Associations
Treatment

A

NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
Typically child
Normal renal function and histology
Ass: NSAIDs, Hodgkins

Short course prednisolone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Membranous GN

Presentation

A

NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
Most common adult GN
Immunosuppressive treatments -> can progress to ESRD

Needs multiple courses of steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Granular IgG complement deposition on GBM -> appears as spike and dome appearance with silver stain

Condition?

A

Membranous GN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Linear deposition of IgG on basement membrane and thickened basement membrane

A

Alport’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Features
Histology

A

Nephrotic syndrome isn adults
Progresses to ESRD

Segmental scarring of some glomeruli with fusion of foot processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Goodpasture’s Syndrome

A

Anti-GBM antibodies
Affects kidneys (RPGN) and lungs (alveolar haemorrhage ->haemoptysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anti-phospholipid Syndrome

Antibodies
Features

A

Anti-cardiolipin
Arterial and venous thrombosis
Transient neurological deficit
Fetal loss
Thrombocytopaenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis causes

A

Medications/toxins
RSVP
- rifampicin
- sulfa drugs
- V(5) Ps - PPI, pain killers (NSAIDs), pee pills, penicillins, phenytoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis findings

A

Raised urea/creatinine
Raised eosinophils
Sub-nephrotic range protein
Microscopic haematuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

mechanism of renal injury with aciclovir

A

crystalluria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HLA renal transplant matching

A

DR

17
Q

Nephrotic syndrome associated with hyper-coaguable state due to loss of …?

A

Antithrombin III deficiency

18
Q

primary pulmonary hypertension

treatment

A

Prostacycline

19
Q

Mechanism of injury of gentamicin (aminoglycosides)

A

Acute tubular necrosis

20
Q

Type 2 tubular renal acidosis

findings (K, Ca, urine pH, stones)

A

low potassium
normal calcium
urine pH low
No renal stones

21
Q

Type 2 tubular renal acidosis mechanism

A

Decreased HCO3+ resorption in proximal tubule

22
Q

Type 2 tubular renal acidosis

associations

A

Fanconi syndrome
Wilson’s disease

23
Q

Type 1 tubular renal acidosis

mechanism

A

Inability to excrete H+ into urine in distal tubule

24
Q

Type 1 tubular renal acidosis

findings (K, Ca, urine pH, stones)

A

K low
Ca high
urine pH alkali
stones present

25
Q

Type 1 tubular renal acidosis

Associations

A

Sjogrens, RA

26
Q

Type 4 tubular renal acidosis

mechanism

A

Reduced aldosterone resulting proximal tubule ammonia excretion

27
Q

Type 4 tubular renal acidosis

findings (K, Ca, urine pH, stones)

A

K high
Ca normal
Urine pH low
stones absent

28
Q

Type 4 tubular renal acidosis

Associations

A

hypoaldosteronism
Diabetes

29
Q

ADPKD

-> extra-renal manifestations

A

Liver cysts
Berry aneurysms
Mitral valve prolapse

30
Q

Membranous GN

Associated antibody?

A

Anti-phospholipase A2

31
Q

Goodpastures - which type of collagen is affected

A

Collagen type IV

32
Q

Most common glomerulonephritis in SLE

A

Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis

33
Q

Glomerulonephritis linked to cancer

A

Membranous glomerulonephritis

34
Q

Diagnosing reflux nephropathy (in child)

A

Micturating cystography

35
Q

Most common type of renal stone

A

Calcium oxalate

36
Q

Treatment for calcium oxalate

A
  1. Calcium citrate - binds to oxalate in GI tract
    Thiazide diuretics - decrease excretion of calcium
37
Q

Renal stone type in renal tubular acidosis type 1

A

Calcium phosphate

38
Q

Peritoneal dialysis infection -> most common organism

A

Staph epidermidis

MRCP (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions