Ophthalmology

Question 1

Angioid streaks

Answer 1

S - sickle cell
P - Paget’s disease, Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
A - calcification
C - calcification and breaks in Bruch’s membrane
E - Ehlers Danlos

Question 2

Inferior homonymous quadrantanopia

Answer 2

Contralateral superior optic radiations of parietal lobe

PITS

Question 3

Superior homonymous quadrantanopia

Answer 3

Lesions of inferior optic radiations in temporal lobe

Question 4

Homonymous hemianopia
Incongruous defect (different on each side)

Answer 4

Lesion of optic tract

Question 5

Homonymous hemianopia
Congruous defect (same on both sides)

Answer 5

Lesion of optic radiation or occipital cortex

Question 6

Macular sparing

Answer 6

Lesion of occipital cortex

Question 7

Dark spots in vision
Floaters
Flashes of light
Painless

Condition?

Answer 7

Posterior vitreous detachment

Question 8

Dense shadow starting peripherally
‘Veil’ or ‘curtain’ over field of vision
Straight lines appear curved

Answer 8

Retinal detachment

Question 9

Rheumatoid arthritis and painful, red eye
Normal visual acuity and fundoscopy

Answer 9

Scleritis/episcleritis

Question 10

Treatment for acute closed angle glaucoma

Answer 10

IV acetazolamide
Topical pilocarpine

Question 11

Pilocarpine MoA

Answer 11

Muscarinic cholinergic agonist

Question 12

Amaurosis fugax
Treatment

Answer 12

Treat as TIA
Aspirin 300mg

Question 13

Central scotoma, loss of vision, impaired colour vision, pain on eye movement, positive afferent pupillary defect

Answer 13

Optic neuritis

Question 14

Herpes Zoster ophthalmicus treatment

Answer 14

Oral aciclovir

Question 15

Mechanism of visual disturbance in giant cell arteritis

Answer 15

Ischaemic optic neuropathy

Question 16

NMO-IgG positive
Loss of vision

Answer 16

Neuromyelitis optica