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MRCP > Drugs MoA > Flashcards

Drugs MoA Flashcards

1
Q

Clopidogrel/ticagrelor MoA

A

ADP receptor inhibitor -> P2Y12 receptor antagonist

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2
Q

Hydralazine MoA

A

Old antihypertensive
Increases cyclic GMP leading to smooth muscle relaxation >arterioles than veins

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3
Q

Aspirin

A

Cyclo-oxygenase (1 AND 2) inhibitor

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4
Q

Tirofiban/abciximab

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor

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5
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Cytotoxic
Prevents cross-linking of DNA

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6
Q

LMWH

A

Activation of antithrombin III which inhibits factor Xa

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7
Q

Cisplatin

A

Cytotoxic
Prevents cross-linking of DNA

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8
Q

Bleomycin

A

Degrades preformed DNA

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9
Q

Rasburicase

A

Converts uric acid to allantoin

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10
Q

Haloperidol

A

Block D2 receptors in mesolimbic system

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11
Q

Thiazide diuretics

Bendroflumethiazide
Indapamide

A

Block thiazide sensitive Na-Cl symporter in distal convoluted tubule

Potassium loss

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12
Q

Loop diuretics

Furosemide
Bumetanide

A

Block Na-K-Cl transporter in thick ascending loop of Henle

Sodium loss

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13
Q

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Spironolactone and epleronone

A

Aldosterone antagonists

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14
Q

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Amiloride, triamterene

A

Epithelial sodium channel blockers

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15
Q

Atypical antipsychotics

Olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole, clozapine

A

D2 receptor antagonists

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16
Q

Anti-arrhythemtic drugs: Class I

A

Sodium channel blockers

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17
Q

Anti-arrhythemtic drugs: Class II

A

Beta blockers

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18
Q

Anti-arrhythemtic drugs: Class III

A

Potassium channel blockers

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19
Q

Anti-arrhythemtic drugs: Class IV

A

Calcium channel blockers

20
Q

Maintaining sinus rhythm post-DC cardioversion

A

Amiodarone

21
Q

Miragebron

A

Beta-3 agonist

22
Q

Overactive bladder: first and second line with MoA

A
  1. Anti-muscarinic (oxybutynin - immediate release, tolterodine - immediate release, solifenacin - once daily)
  2. Beta-3 agonist: Mirabegron
23
Q

Stress incontinence

A
  1. Pelvic floor exercises
  2. Duloxetine (serotonin–norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitor)
24
Q

Ropinirole

A

Dopamine receptor agonist

25
Q

Alteplase

A

acceleration of plasminogen to plasmin conversion

26
Q

Demeclocycline

A

ADH antagonist -> inhibits reabsorption of water from collecting ducts

Chronic low Na, fluid overloaded

27
Q

Trastuzumab

A

monoclonal antibody - acts on HER2 receptor

28
Q

Fluorouracil (5-FU)

A

Pyrimidine analogue inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by blocking thymidylate synthase (during S phase)

29
Q

Atropine

MoA
Physiological effects

A

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist
Tachycardia, myadriasis
Can trigger acute closed angle glaucoma

30
Q

Ciclosporin + tacrolimus

MoA

A

Decreases IL-2 release by inhibiting calcineurin

31
Q

Sildenafil

A

phosphodiesterase type V inhibitor

32
Q

Terbinafine (anti-fungal)

A

inhibits the fungal enzyme squalene epoxidase

33
Q

Caspofungin

A

inhibits the synthesis of beta-glucan, a major fungal cell wall component

34
Q

Azoles e.g. fluconazole

A

inhibit 14α-demethylase which produces ergosterol

35
Q

Dabigatran

A

direct thrombin inhibitor

36
Q

Varenicline

A

nicotine receptor partial agonist

37
Q

Amiloride

A

Blocks epithelial sodium transporter channels

38
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Muscarinic agonist

39
Q

Flecainide

A

blocks Nav1.5 sodium channels in heart

40
Q

Bisoprolol

A

Beta-1 adrenergic receptors blockers in heart muscle

41
Q

Bromocriptine

A

Dopamine receptor agonist -> used to treat hyperprolactinaemia

42
Q

Drugs exhibiting zero order metabolism

A

HEAP
Heparin
Ethanol
Aspirin
Phenytoin

43
Q

Digoxin

A

Binds to ATPase pump on same site as potassium

44
Q

Vincristine

A

Disrupts microtubule formation in metaphase of cell cycle

45
Q

Statin

A

Inhibit HMG CoA reductase

46
Q

Fibrates

A

Activation of PPAR alpha receptor resulting in increased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and reduction in triglycerides

47
Q

apixaban/rivaroxaban

A

binds directly to factor Xa

MRCP (19 decks)

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