Renal Flashcards

0
Q

Post-streptococcal GN is characterized by what?

A

Decreased C3, normal C4
ASO titers >90%
LM: diffuse proliferative
IF: starry sky (diffused granular deposition of IgG C3
EM: large dense immune deposits in the subendothelial, subepithelial, mesangial

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1
Q

Characteristics of immune complex glomerulonephritis

A

Decreased C3, (-) ANCA, anti-GBM

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2
Q

IF: starry sky (diffused granular deposition of IgG C3 is associated with which type of GN?

A

Post-strep GN

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3
Q

Crescentic GN is seen in which type of GN?

A

RPGN

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4
Q

Anti-GBM nephritis + lung hemorrhage is associated with which condition?

A

Goodpasteur’s syndrome

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5
Q

Diffused effacement of foot processes of visceral epithelial cells is seen in which type of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Minimal change disease

80% seen in children
IF: (-) Ig C3
Treatment: steroids

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6
Q

Hyalinosis of <50% of glomeruli is associated with which condition?

A

Focal segmental glomerulonephritis

IF: (-) Ig
EM: damage to visceral epithelial cells
Poor prognosis

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10
Q

Wire loop abnormality is seen in which condition?

A

Type IV SLE nephropathy

Immune complex deposition & gross thickening of the BM

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11
Q

Decreased C3 glumerulonephritis

A

Post strep GN; Membrano-proliferative GN

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12
Q

IF revealed lumpy-bumpy appearance is associated with what type of glomerulonephritis?

A

Post strep GN

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13
Q

IgA deposition in the mesangium is associate with which disease?

A

Berger disease

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14
Q

Tram track appearance is seen in which type of glomerulonephritis?

A

Membrano-proliferative GN

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15
Q

White cell casts in the urine is associated with what condition?

A

Acute pyelonephritis

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16
Q

Proximal renal tubular dysfunction leading to impaired reabsorption is associated with what syndrome?

A

Fanconi syndrome

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17
Q

Impaired reabsorption of tryptophan/deficiency in tryptophan?

A

Hartnup disease

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18
Q

Thyroidization of the kidneys is seen in which condition?

A

Chronic pyelonephritis

19
Q

Schistosoma haematobium is associated with what type of renal cell?

A

Squamous cell CA

20
Q

Most common location of renal cell CA

A

Upper pole

Hematogenous dissemination

21
Q

Most common cause of nephrosclerosis in adults?

A

Membranous glomerulopathy

Diffused thickening of the GBM
(+) PAS

22
Q

IgA nephropathy associated with gross hematuria 24-48 hours after an infection or strenous exercise

A

Berger’s disease

23
Q

Earliest renal abnormality in DM patients?

A

Glomerular hyperinflation

24
Q

Fibrinoid, “onion-skin” lesions of the kidneys is associated with which type of nephrosclerosis

A

Malignant arteriolar nephroscerlosis

25
Q

What is Type 1 renal tubular acidosis?

A

Distal, inability to secrete H+ and develop high K+ in urine

Alkalinic urine
Treatment: oral HCO3, K replacement

26
Q

What is type II renal tubular acidosis?

A

Inability to absorb HCO3

Associated with bone lesions (osteomalacia and rickets)
Treatment: potassium, thiazide diuretics

27
What is the defect in renal tubular acidosis type IV?
Aldosterone deficiency or adrenal insensitivity to angiotensin II Asymptomatic hyperkalemia Tx: Fludrocortisone (mineralocorticoid)
32
Most common hereditary renal disorder
Adult polycystic kidney disease Bilateral cyst Also related to berry aneurysm of the circle of Willis
33
IF revealing spike and dome appearance
Membranoglumerulonephritis
34
Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules is associated with what condition?
DM nodular glumerulosclerosis Nodular accumulations of mesangial matriax material