Renaissnace

Question 1

Renaissance

Answer 1

definition is rebirth, rebirth of grecoroman civlition, 14th and 15th century

Question 2

Middle Ages

Answer 2

characterized by darkness because lack of classical culture

Question 3

Jacob Burckhardt

Answer 3

said Italy (14-15th century) was the birthplace of the modern world, distinguishing features was the revival of antiquity, perfecting of individual, secularism, 1860s there was a sudden break from Middle Ages

Question 4

14th century Italy

Answer 4

Italy was superior in commericial and political evolution –> became indepdnent city states —> centers of Italian etc —> secular spirit emerges

Question 5

14th century Renaissance

Answer 5

1. Italy 2. recovery 3. presence of wealthy upper class 4. emphasis on individual ability

Question 6

Renaissance trade economy during the 14th century

Answer 6

ITALY: before the plague, had a flourshing trade (ventician flanders fleet), plague caused Italians to lost their commericial superiority but they maintained a wealthy commerical empire HANSA: propersed

Question 8

Hansa or Hanaseatic League time line

Answer 8

13th: League propesred and had a monopoly, started to form a association
14th century: Burges propserd,
15th century: Burges declined (silting of port) and League unable to compete with larger states

Question 9

Burges

Answer 9

economic crossroads of Europe meeting place between Hanasetic merchants and Flanders Fleet of Venice

Question 10

Medici Family timeline

Answer 10

15th century: gain superitority in banking (controlled interests in enterprises, greatest bank, ) then declined (bad loans, poor leadership)

Question 11

nobility timeline

Answer 11

14th century: declining real incomes
15th century: dominate soceity (military officers held political posts)
16th century: pursue education

Question 12

Venetian Flanders Fleet

Answer 12

had sea route from Venice to England and Netherlands

Question 13

castiliglione and book of courtier

Answer 13

1500s, , became popular throughout Europe, fundamentally hand book for European aristocrats, described three basic attributes of perfect courtier

Question 14

3 basic attributes of perfect courtier in book of courtier

Answer 14

1. posses fundmental nature ednowements (grace and talents)
2. cultivate certain achievements (excerise and classical education and art)
3. follow standard of conduct (make good impression, show accomplishments with grace)

Question 15

peasants and towns people

Answer 15

made mass of third estate,

Question 16

decline of manorialism, elimination of serfdom timeline

Answer 16

12th century: introduction of money economy cause conversion of labor to rents
14th century: black death–> contraction of peasanttry, easier to grant freedom and accept rents
15th century: serdom declining, peasntts were becoming free

Question 17

patricians

Answer 17

top of urban society, wealth enabled them to dominate their urban community economically , socially, and politically

Question 18

petty burghers

Answer 18

concerned with providing goods and services for local consumtpion

Question 19

propertyless

Answer 19

earning pitiful wages and the unemployed living miserable lives

Question 20

slavery timeline

Answer 20

existed in middle ages
decline
9th century: serdom
11th century: slavery disappeared
repearred in Spain (Reconquista)
14th century: blakc death (no laboreres) cause Italisn to intoduce slavery
15th century: decline of slavery (turks conquer byzantine, prices rose, less demand), portuese import African slaves

Question 21

Italy and slaves

Answer 21

slaves were used as skilled workers, household workers, girls were nursemaids, boys were playmates, many were young girls, some used as concubines

Question 22

Italian slave market

Answer 22

obtain from Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea region

Question 23

Social Structure of Renaissance

Answer 23

inherited it from Middle Ages, three estates

Question 24

family in renaissance italy

Answer 24

family: extended household of parents, children, and servants, lived near each other, might dominate an entire urban district, source of security

Question 25

first estate

Answer 25

clergy, preeminence grounded in belief that people should be guided to spiritual ends

Question 26

legally binding marriage contract

Answer 26

important aspect was size, money presented by wife’s family to husband upon marriage, size of dowry explained how the bride was moving down or up in society, large = bride family status up, small = bride family’s status higher than husband

Question 27

second estate

Answer 27

nobility, privileges based on principle that nobles provided security and justice for society

Question 28

third estate

Answer 28

peasants and inhabitants of towns and cities, experienced certain adaptions in Renaissance

Question 29

African slaves

Answer 29

15th century, Portuguese importing many African slaves

Question 30

arranged marriages

Answer 30

used to strengthen business or family ties, details worked out in advanced and reinforced by legally binding marriage contract

Question 31

Renaissance recovery

Answer 31

recovery from the 14th century accompaiend by rediscover of classical antiquity (interest in Greo-Roman culture, reconile pagan philosphy of Greco-Roman world with Christian thought, new way of vewing human beings),

Question 32

father and husband role in Italian family

Answer 32

gave name, responsible for legal matters, managed finances, made crucial decisions in children’s lives, authority was absolute until he died or formally freed children

Question 33

European economy timeline

Answer 33

14th century: wool industires of Flanders and northern Italian city states were devistated (b/c ecnoic depression)
15th century: wool industry and Italian city states created industries, new technology and machineery, rules transfer titles to financers, medici family preeimeince

Question 34

Hansa League

Answer 34

northern European coatsal towns formed a military and commerical assocation

Question 35

emphasis on individual ability

Answer 35

high regard for human dignity caused new social ideal (lumono universale)