Relationships

Question 1

Buss

Answer 1

Evolutionary explanations of partner preferences

Cultural similarities in males seeking younger females and females seeking men who are ambitious and resourceful

Universally consistent :) = support EVOLUTION

Question 2

Kito

Answer 2

Self disclosure

Higher in both Japan and USA culture for romantic relationships than with same sex and cross sex friendships.

Universally behaviour - relationships same with other cultures

Question 3

Gunnel et Ceci

Answer 3

Matching hypothesis

Less attractive individuals were 22% more likely to be convicted in court and if seen as unattractive have a 22 month longer sentence that an attractive person = supports the halo theory

Question 4

Festinger

Answer 4

Filter theory

Found people who live closer to stairwells in apartment blocks knew the most people in the block.
Familiarity is important for relationships.

Question 5

Moghadden

Answer 5

Equity theory

There is research to back it up BUT US students prefer equity theory whereas European students preferred equality = cultural differences so cannot be universally applied

Question 6

Lin and Rusbult

Answer 6

Investment theory

Found that Taiwanese students compared with Dutch students and showed similar findings so there is cross-cultural consesus

-could be argued that there is investigator bias

Question 7

Bargh et al

Answer 7

Self-disclosure in virtual relationships

Intimacy developed quicker than physical relationship - in particular socially unskilled individuals

Absence of gating
- bond is so strong so it (gates) doesn’t matter

Question 8

Cromwell and Lundgren

Answer 8

Self-disclosure in virtual relationships

Survey of 80 chat rooms and found that 28% misrepresent themselves

Question 9

Kienlen

Answer 9

Parasocial relationship

63% stalkers explained early loss of primary caregiver
= disruptive attachments can foster parasocial relationships down the line.

Question 10

Mc Cutcheon et al

Answer 10

Refutes - Parasocial relationship

Examined links between attachment type and parasocial relationship and found no significant correlation where suggestions of insecure-resistant has more intense parasocial relationship

Question 11

Sprecher

Answer 11

Social exchange theory

Comparison levels of alternatives was a strong predictor for commitment
Rewards were a strong predictor for satisfaction.

So some people do base the strength of their romantic R/ship on costs and rewards as theory of ‘comparison level suggests’

If meet perceived expectant reward or better then relationship will continue.