Regulation of the Cardiovascular System I and II Flashcards
What are four redundant regulator systems?
Neural
Hormonal
Blood volume regulation
Genetic regulation
What part of the brain coordinates baroreceptor signals?
Medulla oblongata
What is the controlled variable in the cardiovascular system?
Arterial pressure
What occurs with chronically elevated arterial pressure?
Baroreceptors will adapt to the new pressure
What is the first nucleus to receive information from the peripheral circulation?
Nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS)
What brings peripheral blood pressure to the coordinating center?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
What brings blood pressure and cardiac information into the coordinating center?
Vagus nerve (X)
What are major parasympathetic controllers of the heart?
Dorsal motor nucleus of X and Nucleus ambiguous
What is the vasomotor area that is the origin of sympathetic tone?
Rostral ventrolateral medulla
Effects of epinephrine on blood vessels?
Vasodilation
An increase in CO2 or decrease in O2/pH causes what?
Bradycardia
Increased ventilation
Intrinsic control of HR?
K concentration
Ca concentration
Intrinsic control of SV?
Preload increasing force of contraction
What does stretch of atrial baroreceptors cause?
Tachycardia (Bainbridge reflex) and increased renal output
What causes diuresis?
Atrial receptors sends signals to the hypothalamus decreasing release of arginine vasopressin (ADH); also atrial myocytes release atrial naturetic peptide (ANP)
