Regions of the Vertebral Column (Vertebral Artery and Misc) Flashcards
What is the gender bias regarding size of the vertebral artery?
men have larger vertebral arteries than woman
At what location will the vertebral artery form its first compensatory loop?
the atlanto-axial interspace
At what location will the vertebral artery form its second compensatory loop?
the atlanto-occipital interspace
At what segments will the vertebral artery be firmly attached to the transverse foramen
both C1 and C2
What is the purpose of the vertebral artery loops between C2, C1, and occiput?
the increased length will accommodate the greater rotation at these locations
What artery is formed by the union of the right and left vertebral arteries?
the basilar artery
Which suboccipital muscles attach to C1?
rectus capitis posterior minor
obliquus capitis superior
obliquus capitis inferior
Which erector spinae muscles attach to the cervical spine?
iliocostalis thoracis iliocostalis cervicis longissimus cervicis longissimus capitis spinalis cervicis spinalis capitis
Which suboccipital muscles attach to C2?
rectus capitis posterior major
obliquus capitis inferior
Which transversospinalis muscles attach to the cervical spine?
semispinalis cervicis
semispinalis capitis
multifidis
rotators
What joint classifications are present at C1?
synovial (diarthrosis) ellipsoidal
synovial plane (diarthrosis trochoid)
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
What joint classifications are present at C2?
synovial pivot (diarthrosis trochoid) synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis
What joint classifications are present at each typical cervical?
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
What joint classifications are present at C7?
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
What forms the boundaries for the exit of the C1 nerve from the spinal canal?
occipital condyle superior articular process of C1 capsular ligament arcuate rim groove for the vertebral artery posterior atlanto-occipital ligament
What forms the boundaries for the exit of the C2 nerve from the spinal canal?
inferior articular process of C1 superior articular process of C2 capsular ligament inferior vertebral notch of C1 superior vertebral notch of C2 posterior arch of C1 lamina of C2 posterior atlanto-axial ligament
What forms the anterior boundary for the C2 nerve exit from the spinal canal?
inferior articular process of C1
superior articular process of C2
capsular ligament
What forms the posterior boundary for the C2 nerve exit from the spinal canal?
the posterior arch of C1
lamina of C2
posterior atlant-axial ligament
What forms the anterior boundary for the C3-C7 nerve exit from the spinal canal?
the vertebral bodies (2) intervertebral disc posterior longitudinal ligament uncinate process lateral groove
What forms the anterior boundary for the C8 nerve exit from the spinal canal?
the vertebral bodies of C7 and T1 (2) intervertebral disc Posterior longitudinal ligament capsular ligament of the costocentral joint superior costal facet of T1 articular surface of the first rib
What are the superior articular facet orientations for the cervical vertebrae?
C1 is Backward Upward Medial BUM
C2 is backward Upward Lateral BUL
C3-C7 is Backward Upward Medial BUM
What are the inferior articular facet orientations for the cervical vertebrae?
C1 isBackward Downward Medial BDM
C2-C6 is Forward Downward Lateral FoLD
C7 is Forward Downward Medial ForMeD
How many synovial joints are identified for each cervical vertebrae?
C1 = 5 C2 = 8 C3-C6 = 8 C7 = 6
How many joints are identified at the vertebral body of each cervical vertebrae?
C1 = 0 C2 = 10 C3-C6 = 10 C7 = 8
