Exam 2 - Regions of the Vertebral Column (Thoracis/Dorsal Region) Flashcards
Which thoracis segments are considered the typical thoracics?
T2-T8 segments
WHich thoracic segments are considered atypical?
T1
T9-T12
What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?
vertebral body
transverse process
articular process
spinous process
What is the name given to the left side of appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?
the aortic impression
What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?
the posterior height is greater than the anterior height by 1-2mm
What is the principal cause of the posterior (kyphotic) curve of the thoracic spine?
the vertebral body height differences
In terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral column, what direction will the thoracic spine face?
posterior
What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?
kyphotic curve
What joints are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
vertebral body - ALL at the epiphyseal rims
vertebral body - PLL at the epiphyseal rims
vertebral body-vertebral body via the intervertebral discs
vertebral body - capitulum of a rib (costocentral joint)
What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
4
How many symphasis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
2
How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
10
14 if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included
Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?
the superior costal demi-facet
What is the rib-vertebral bodycombination at the intervertebral foramen for the T6 never?
the inferior costal demi-facet of T6 will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the 7th rib
the superior costal demifacet of T7 will joint with the inferior articular surface of the head of the 7th rib
What feature will provide assistance in maintaining stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?
the constocentral joint or ribs
What ligaments support the costocentral joint?
the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament
constocenteral interarticular / intra-articular ligament
What does the costocentral inra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?
the interarticular/intra-articular crest of the head of the rib
intervertebral disc
What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demifacet surface?
the rib surface is greater than the costal demifacet surface
Which muscles attach to the vertebral body of T2 or T3?
the longus colli
What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?
10-15 degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane
WHich Xray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?
the lateral view
What is the overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?
shingling
What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?
oval to circular
In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest
the transverse plane
the vertebral transverse diameter
What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?
the superior costotransverse
inferior costotransverse
lateral costotransverse ligaments
The superior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T4 will attach to rib?
5
The inferior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T5 will attach to rib ___
5
The lateral costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T5 will attach to rib ___
5
WHich muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?
longissimus thoracis longissimus cervicis longissimus capitis semispinalis thoracis semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidis rotator longus rotator brevis intertransversarii levator costarum longus levator costarum brevis
How do the transverse diameters of the articular processes compare in the T2-T4 region?
the superior articular process transverse diameter is greater than the inferior articular process transverse diameter for a given segment
How do the transverse diameters of the articular processes compare in the T5-T8 region?
the superior articular process transverse diameter is the same as or equal to the inferior articular process transverse diamenter for a given segment
What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?
they face Backward Upward Lateral
BUL
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?
they face Forward Downward Medial
ForMeD
How may synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?
10
Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are present on a typical thoracic
2 superior costal demifacets
2 inferior costal demifacets
2 transverse costal facets
Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?
trapezius latissimus dorsi rhomboid major serratus posterior superior splenius cervicis splenius capitis spinalis thoracis spinalis cervicis spinalis capitis semispinalis thoracis multifidis rotator longus rotator brevis interspinalis
WHich muscles attaching to the spinous process of a typical thoracic are not included in any muscle later of the true back?
splenius capitis
interspinalis
What joint classifications are present at every typical thoracic vertebra?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
