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Spinal Anatomy > Exam 1 - Vertebral Foramen > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Vertebral Foramen Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical shape/outline of the vertebral foramen at each region o the spinal column/vertebral column?

A

cervical - triangular
thoracic - oval
lumbar - triangular
sacrum - triangular

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2
Q

At what vertebral level will the spinal cord typically terminate?

A

L1

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3
Q

At what vertebral level will the dural sac typically terminate?

A

S2

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4
Q

Which of the segmental arteries will arise from the internal iliac artery?

A

the iliolumbar

and lateral sacral arteries

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5
Q

Identify all segmental arteries

A 
vertebral
ascending cervical
deep cervical
superior (highest) intercostal
posterior intercostal
subcostal
lumbar
iliolumbar
lateral sacral
median (middle) sacral
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6
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the cervical spine?

A

the vertebral artery
ascending cervical artery
deep cervical artery

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7
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the thoracic spine?

A

the deep cervical artery
superior (highest) intercostal artery
posterior intercostal artery
subcostal artery

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8
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the lumbar spine?

A

the lumbar arteries
iliolumbar artery
lateral sacral artery
median (middle) sacral artery

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9
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the fifth lumbar vertebra?

A

the iliolumbar artery
lateral sacral artery
median (middle) sacral artery

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10
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the sacrum?

A

the iliolumbar artery
lateral sacral artery
median (middle) sacral artery

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11
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the vertebral artery?

A

C1 - C6

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12
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the ascending cervical artery?

A

C1 intercostal artery?-C6

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13
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the deep cervical artery?

A

C7-T1

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14
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the superior (highest)

A

T1 and T2

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15
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the posterior intercostal artery?

A

T3-T11

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16
Q

What segmental level(s) is/are supplied by the subcostal artery?

A

T12

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17
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the lumbar arteries?

A

L1 - L4

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18
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the median (middle) sacral artery?

A

L5
S1 - S5
coccyx

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19
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the iliolumbar artery?

A

L5
S1 - S5
coccyx

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20
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the lateral sacral artery?

A

L5
S1-S5
coccyx

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21
Q

Which vertebra has the greatest number of segmental arteries associated with it?

A

L5

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22
Q

What are the segmental arteries for L5?

A

iliolumbar artery
median (middle) sacral artery
lateral sacral artery

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23
Q

What branch of the segmental artery supplies the vertebra and the paravertebral region?

A

dorsospinal artery

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24
Q

Which artery is primarily observed in the distal part of the intervertebral foramen?

A

spinal artery

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25
Q

What are the branches of the spinal artery?

A 
osseous arteries
anterior spinal canal artery
posterior spinal canal artery
anterior medullary feeder artery
posterior medullary feeder artery
anterior radicular artery
posterior radicular artery
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26
Q

Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the epidural space?

A

osseous arteries
anterior spinal canal artery
posterior spinal canal artery

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27
Q

What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

anterior spinal canal artery AND plexus

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28
Q

What areteries are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum?

A

posterior spinal canal artery AND plexus

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29
Q

Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the subarachnoid space?

A

anterior radicular artery
posterior radicular artery
anterior medullary feeder artery
posterior medullary feeder artery

30
Q

WHich vessel will supply the ventral/anterior nere rootlet and nerve root?

A

anterior radicular artery

31
Q

Which vessel will supply the dorsal / posterior nerve rootlets , nerve root, and nerve root ganglion?

A

posterior radicular artery

32
Q

Which artery is now said to enlarge and form the medullary feeder artery?

A

the radicular artery

33
Q

What is the location and number of medullary feeder arteries present in the adult?

A

9 anterior

12 posterior medullary feeder arteries

34
Q

The anterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery along the spinal cord?

35
Q

As the anterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

Anterior Medullary feeder arteries

36
Q

The posterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery?

A

the posterior inferior cerebellar artery

37
Q

What is the position of the posterior spinal artery relative to the spinal cord?

A

it lies in the posterolateral sulcus along the spinal cord

38
Q

As the posterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord, which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

posterior medullary feeder arteries

39
Q

What forms the arterial casa corona above C3?

A

right and left anterior spinal arteries
right and left posterior spinal arteries
3 communicating arteries

40
Q

What is the generic name given to arteries that penetrate the spinal cord?

A

intramedullary arteries

41
Q

What are the intramedullary branches of the arterial vasa corona?

A

pial perforating arteries

central / ventral / sulcal perforating arteries

42
Q

What artery gives off the ventral / central / sulcal perforating arteries?

A

the anterior spinal artery

43
Q

What arteries are responsible for supplementing the arterial vasa corona?

A

Anterior medullary feeders

posterior medullary feeders

44
Q

What vessels drain the spinal cords?

A

pial veins

45
Q

What will pial veins drain into?

A

venous vasa corona

46
Q

Which vessels form the venous vasa corona?

A

right and left anterior longitudinal veins
right and left posterior longitudinal veins
4 communicating arteries

47
Q

Which vessels will drain the venous vasa corona?

A

anterior medullary veins

posterior medullary veins

48
Q

Which vessels wil drain the ventral / anterior nerve roots?

A

anterior radicular veins

49
Q

What vessel will drain the dorsal / posterior nerve root ganglion?

A

posterior radicular veins

50
Q

What veins will lie in the subarachnoid space?

A 
pial veins
venous vasa corona
anterior longitudinal veins
posterior longitudinal veins
anterior medullary veins
posterior medullary veins
anterior radicular veins
posterior radicular veins
51
Q

What veins are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

Anterior internal vertebral venous plexus

basivertebral vein

52
Q

What veins are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum?

A

posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

53
Q

what venous vessels are identified in the intervertebral foramen?

A

intervertebral veins

54
Q

Idenify the meninges of the spinal cord (spinal medulla or medulla spinalis) and the commonly accepted meaning of each.

A

dura mater - tough mother
arachnoid - spider mother
pia mater - tender / delicate mother

55
Q

What is the name given to the fluid within the epidural space?

A

interstitial fluid

56
Q

What are the vascular contents of the epidural space?

A

Anterior and Posterior spinal canal artery and plexus
anterior and posterior internal vertebral venous plexus
basivertebral vein

57
Q

What are the neural contents of the epidural space?

A

recurrent meningeal / sinu-vertebral / sinus vertebral nerve

58
Q

What ligaments are associated with epidural space?

A

Hofmann / anterior dural / meningovertebral ligaments
ligamentum flavum
posterior longitudinal ligament

59
Q

Which of the blood vessels of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral artery?

A

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus
anterior internal vertebral venous plexus
basivertebral vein

60
Q

Which of the nerves of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

A

recurrent meningeal / sinu-vertebral / sinus vertebral nerve

61
Q

Which of the ligaments of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

HOfmann / anterior dural / meningovertebral ligaments

62
Q

Which of the blood vessels of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

posterior spinal canal artery and plexus

posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

63
Q

Which of the nerves of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

recurrent meningeal / sinu-vertebral

sinus vertebral nerve

64
Q

Which of the ligaments of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

ligamentum flavum

Hofmann / anterior dural / meningovertebral ligaments

65
Q

WHich meningeal space is now thought to be a potential space, not an actual space?

A

subdural space - between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater

66
Q

Which of the contents of the epidural space are more likely located near or around the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

Anterior spinal canal artery and plexus
anterior internal vertebral venous plexus
basivertebral vein
recurrent meningeal / sinu-vertebral / sinus vertebral nerve
Hofmann / anterior dural / meningovertebral ligaments

67
Q

WHich of the contents of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

Posterior spinal canal artery and plexus
posterior internal vertebral venous plexus
ligamentum flavum
recurrent meningeal / sinu-vertebral / sinus vertebral nerve
Hofmann / anterior dural / meningovertebral ligaments

68
Q

What is the name given to the fluid present within the subdural space?

A

serous fluid

69
Q

What is the name given to the fluid with the subarchnoid space?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

70
Q

What ligaments may be present in the subarachnoid space?

A

dentate / denticulate ligament

71
Q

What is the name given to the lateral extension of pia mater along the spinal cord?

A

dentate / denticulate ligament

72
Q

What is the unique feature of veins along the spinal canal?

A

they lack the bicuspid valve of typical veins

Spinal Anatomy (21 decks)

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