Exam 2 - Regions of the Vertebral Collumn (Typical Cervical)

Question 1

What is the number of vertebrae in the typical cervical spine?

Answer 1

seven segments

Question 2

Which vertebrae are typical cervicals?

Answer 2

C3-C6

Question 3

Which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?

Answer 3

C1, C2, C7

Question 4

What is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?

Answer 4

rectangular

Question 5

What is the appearance of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?

Answer 5

posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters

Question 6

What would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features?

Answer 6

posterior or kyphotic

Question 7

What accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 7

the intervertebral disc height

Question 8

What is the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 8

anterior or lordotic

Question 9

At which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?

Answer 9

C5/C6

Question 10

What are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 10

anterior groove
posterior groove
right and left uncinate processes

Question 11

What are the names of the lateral modification of the superior epiphyseal rim?

Answer 11

uncinate process
unciform process
uncovertebral process
uncus
lateral lip

Question 12

What are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 12

anterior lip
posterior lip
lateral grooves

Question 13

What is the joint classification for the anterior lip-anterior groove articulation?

Answer 13

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

Question 14

What is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

Answer 14

modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)

Question 15

What is the joint classification for the spongy bone-intervertebral disc articulation?

Answer 15

cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis

Question 16

How many joint are present on the upper surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?

Answer 16

five

Question 17

how many joints are present on the lower surface of a typical cervical body?

Answer 17

five

Question 18

how many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?

Answer 18

ten

Question 19

how many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?

Answer 19

four

Question 20

What other terms are used to identify the uncinate processes?

Answer 20

unciform process
uncovertebral process
uncus
lateral lip

Question 21

What is the name given to the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

Answer 21

joint of Luschka

OR uncovertebral joint

Question 22

the joint of Luschka is formed from what surfaces?

Answer 22

uncinate process

lateral groove

Question 23

What muscle attaches to the typical cervical vertebral body?

Answer 23

the longus colli muscle

Question 24

What is the orientation and angulation of the pedicle of a typical cervical?

Answer 24

posterolateral, 45 degrees

Question 25

What is the direction of projection of the cervical lamina?

Answer 25

posteromedially

Question 26

What ligament attaches to the lamina of a typical cervical?

Answer 26

ligamentum flavum

Question 27

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will result in what feature?

Answer 27

para-articular processes

Question 28

Which is the greatest diameter of the vertebral foramen of typical cervicals?

Answer 28

transverse

Question 29

The greatest transverse diameter of the typical cervical vertebra occurs at...

Answer 29

C6

Question 30

The greatest frequency of osteophytes associated with the vertebral body occurs at which typical cervical vertebral couple?

Answer 30

C5/C6

Question 31

List, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the vertebral body

Answer 31

``` costal element anterior tubercle costotransverse bar posterior tubercle true tansverse process ```

Question 32

What muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 32

anterior scalene longus capitis longus colli anterior intertransversarii

Question 33

What muscles may attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 33

``` splenius cervicis iliocostalis cervicis longissimus cervicis levator scapula middle scalene posterior scalene rotators posterior intertransversarii ```

Question 34

What muscles will attach to the costotransverse bar?

Answer 34

middle scalene | posterior intertransversarii

Question 35

What is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process?

Answer 35

60 degrees anterolaterally from the midsagittal plane | 15 degrees inferiorly from the horizontal plane

Question 36

What is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse process?

Answer 36

the carotid tubercle

Question 37

What will cause the remodeling of the anterior tubercle at C6?

Answer 37

the common carotid artery

Question 38

What will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse foramen?

Answer 38

the vertebral artery vertebral venous plexus postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers

Question 39

Recent work suggests what angulation for a typical cervical articular facets?

Answer 39

55 - 60 degrees

Question 40

What is the orientation of the typical cervical superior articular facet?

Answer 40

Backward Upward Medial | BUM

Question 41

What muscles will attach to typical cervical articular processes?

Answer 41

``` the longissimus capitis logissimus cervicis semispinalis capitis semispinalis cervicis multifidis rotators ```

Question 42

What muscles blend with the capsular ligament of cervical zygapophyses?

Answer 42

the semispinalis capitis multifidis rotator longus

Question 43

What modifications of the synovial joint are observed in the cervical spine?

Answer 43

meniscoidal folds

Question 44

What function will meniscoidal folds provide in cervical zygapophyses?

Answer 44

they are assumed to distribute pressure across the joint surface

Question 45

The greatest range of flexion - extension among the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple?

Answer 45

C5/C6

Question 46

What motions are coupled in the cervical spine?

Answer 46

lateral bending | axial rotation

Question 47

Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will be similar for what cervical vertebral couples?

Answer 47

C2/C3 C3/C4 C4/C5

Question 48

Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple?

Answer 48

C5/C6 vertebral couple

Question 49

What muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous processes?

Answer 49

``` spinalis cervicis semispinalis cervicis semispinalis thoracis multifidis rotators interspinalis ```

Question 50

What will form the unique anterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen?

Answer 50

the uncinate process of the segment below lateral groove of the segment above forms the joint of Luschka

Question 51

What is the orientation of the typical cervical inferior articular facet?

Answer 51

Forward Lateral Downward | FoLD