Redox Biology I Flashcards
Which reaction do oxidoreductases catalyse?
Net transfer of electronsto or from a substrate
What kinds of enzymes are classes as oxidoreductases?
- Dehydrogenases
- Oxidases
- Reductases
How are reactive oxygen species formed?
By slippage in the ETC
What are the major sites for ROS production?
- Complex 1
- Complex 2
- Complex at FMN and quionine binding sites
What non-respiratory enzymes can also produce ROS?
eNOS and xanthine oxidase
How can ROS be produced in an inorganic way?
- Ionising radiation
- Environmental stress
What are ROS particularly damaging to?
- Fe-S clusters
- DNA
Why are ROS damaging to DNA?
They can cause unwanted disulfide bond formation
What electronic state does oxygen have?
Triplet ground state
What is interesting about the z electrons in oxygen?
They are unpaired with the same spin
Why is OH· so bad?
It can react with anything
Give examples of enzymes which shield us from ROS
- Superoxide dismutase
- Catalase
What reaction does superoxide dismutase catalyse?
2O2 + 2H+ → O2 + H2O
What are the 3 forms of superoxide dismutase?
- MnSOD
- CuZnSOD
- NiSOD
What is the superoxide dismutase reaction 2nd order with respect to?
Superoxide