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GCSE RE > Redemption > Flashcards

Redemption Flashcards

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1
Q

Free will and Sin

A

God gives us free will so that we actively choose him
Therefore sin must exist
All are born with a tendency to sin
Sin broke the relationship with God and the whole of creation
Jesus’ resurrection restores this relationship and creation

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2
Q

God’s great plan 1

A
  1. God creates garden of Eden
  2. Adam+Eve are created as good and immortal but with free will
  3. Adam+Eve eat forbidden fruit because of their free will and create original sin
  4. Relationship between God and humans is broken
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3
Q

God’s great plan 2

A
  1. Punishment for disobedience- death, pain in labour, difficulty in work
  2. God gives laws to guide humans and moses through the ten commandments
  3. Humans break God’s laws and worship idols instead of God
  4. God sends prophets to guide humans
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4
Q

God’s great plan 3

A
  1. Humans kill prophets
  2. God comes to earth in the form of a man
  3. Jesus is killed
  4. Jesus rises from the dead
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5
Q

God’s great plan 4

A
  1. Jesus rises up to heaven
  2. Through jesus all can go to heaven
  3. Relationship with God is restored
  4. God and humans enjoy relationship
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6
Q

(Examples of redemption in the bible) The Crucifixion

A

-Jesus the Example
Jesus knew he’d suffer but accepts it
His total obedience sets an example

-Jesus the Restorer
Acts as a ‘New Adam’ as he restored the relationship between humanity and God
Temple curtain tore showing Jesus’ death broke the barrier between God and humans

-Jesus the Victor
He experinced pain, suffering and deatg
All can share in his victory as they can reach heaven

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7
Q

(Examples of redemption in the bible) The Resurrection

A

When Jesus first appeared to Mary Magdalene after ressurecting, she didnt recognise him (he looked different). He had entered a new creation as his act of atonement had made creation more perfect.

He destroyed the power of sin and death - “if Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile and you are still in your sins” (1 Cor)

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8
Q

(Examples of redemption in the bible) Ascenision

A

-Jesus expected his disciples to spread his teachings after he was gone in order to help people reach redemption (heaven)
-The disciples were told that Jesus would rejoin them in the future. This shows that Jesus will complete the redemption of the world at the end of time.
He restored the cosmic order
40 days after resurrection

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9
Q

(Examples of redemption in the bible) Pentecost

A

-At Pentecost, the disciples were filled with the power of the Holy spirit.
-This gave them the courage and ability to go out and teach about Jesus, helping others reach salvation
-Fire and wind symbolised the presence of God
-Pentecost was 50 days after the resurrection. (10 days post ascension)

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10
Q

St Irenaeus’s metaphor for redemption

A

Tries to link events in the Garden of Eden to Jesus using the metaphor “tree of the cross”
-the tree created the need for salvation; it caused the broken human-God relationship
-the cross brought salvation for all through Jesus’s death. It restores the God-human relationship

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11
Q

St Anselm’s metaphor for redemption

A

Uses the metaphor of slavery. During the slave trade, a slave could be free if someone paid a ransom to their ‘owner’.
-after the fall, humans became slaves to sin
-Jesus’ sacrifice was the ransom

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12
Q

Conscience

A

For christians, the conscience is the voice of God in their heart, guiding them to make the right choices.
“The most secret core of a man… where he is alone with God”-Second Vatican council.

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13
Q

(Sides of the conscience) Natural instincts

A

People instinctively know the morally correct thing to do (natural law)

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14
Q

(Sides of the conscience) The side which needs to be educated

A

Needs to be shaped and developed so we interpret it correctly. This can be done by listening to others: the Church and teachings (Bible, magisterium, tradition)

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15
Q

Why is the conscience important to Christians?

A

A consicence helps people to live by the moral truth, and to understand right and wrong. The conscience is the guidance offered by an individual’s humanity.

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16
Q

Catechism of the catholic church on conscience

A

“Personal conscience and reason should not be set in opposition to the moral law or the magisterium of the Church”

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17
Q

(Redemption in the mass) The readings (liturgy of the word)

A

Reminds Catholics of how God has guided them

In Gospel, Jesus demonstrates how God loves, heals, restores and forgives all people.

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18
Q

(Redemption in the mass) offertory

A

People present bread and wine to God as a sign of thanksgiving

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19
Q

(Redemption in the mass) Eucharistic prayer + communion

A

Repeats Jesus’ words at last supper: “this is my body…this is the blood of the new and everlasting covenant”.
-shows he anticipated his death
-breaking bread and pouring wine symbolised his death which was for the redemption
-the covenant is sealed with his death. It won’t end
-the last supper celebrated passover (when jews were freed from slavery). We celebrate our freedom from sin.

We recieve the body, blood, soul and divinity of Christ. Brings us closer to Christ, gives power and grace to resist temptation.

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20
Q

(Redemption in the mass) Our Father

A

Through Christ’s redemption, believers are allowed to call God ‘father’. Christ taught us the our father.

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21
Q

(Redemption in the mass) the end of mass

A

After silent reflection on the gift of the eucharist, catholics go and share Christ’s presence in their daily actions

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22
Q

(Redemption in the mass) The words of institution

A

The consecration, when the priest says the words of Jesus at the last supper. The bread and wine are still bread and wine but their reality changes.
-lets followers share in his death, suffering and ressurection and their effects
-said “this IS my body”, it does more than symbolise it
-gave his disciples commission to do what he had done
-memory doesn’t mean “don’t forget” but “make this a reality if yourself”

23
Q

(Redemption in the mass) Agnus Dei

A

Latin translation of “lamb of God”
Passover, God ordered each Jewish household to eat a lamb and mark their door with it’s blood. Jesus is the new lamb of God. We were saved by his death.

24
Q

(Redemption in the mass) Eucharist adoration

A

More hosts are usually concecrated than there are people at mass. Spares are put in the tabernacle which people pray in front of
-Consecration is called the blessed sacrament
-Is treated with great reverence and respect

25
Q

(Redemption in the mass) Benediction

A

Christ being present in the Eucharist means he can be worshipped fully on Earth
Benediction is when a concecrated host is put on display (exposed) in a monstrance; it is the prayer that takes place. It is a service where Christ’s presence in the Eucharist is praised and people are blessed with the real presence.

26
Q

The mass

A

Catholics believe that the mass is the ‘source and summit’ of Christian life.
Source: recieving the eucharist gives spiritual strength. Offering mass fulfils “keep the sabbath holy”
-Summit: the mass re-enacts Christ’s sacrifice, the most important event in Christianity, mass is the highest form of prayer.

27
Q

Eucharistic Adoration (service)

A

A short service where the presence of Christ is adored and praised. Also called benediction.

28
Q

Orthodox Christian beliefs on Eucharist

A

Like catholicism, teaches that bread and wine actually become the body and blood. Their Eucharist is called the liturgy.
The difference is consecration takes place behind an iconostasis (a highly decorated screen) which hides the altar from the congregation. Consecration is too holy to be seen by the congregation.

29
Q

Anglican beliefs on the Eucharist

A

Bread and wine don’t actually become body and blood, only symbolises Christ’s body and blood.
Emphasis is on “do this in memory of me”
Christ is present in the community which shares the eucharist

30
Q

Noncomformist beliefs on eucharist

A

Baptists: communion normally observed at least once a month, usually with non alchoholic wine. It’s an act of rememberance
Methodists: bread and wine is representitave and recieving communion is entering into communion with the community of believers

31
Q

Quakers/salvation army beleifs on eucharist

A

Don’t celebrate any form of eucharist. In general, they believe Christ is present through the spirit which inspires them to serve God and others. They believe that life is a sacrament and don’t practice others.

32
Q

Ways that Churches inspire worship

A

Decorated to encourage people to reflect on God’s glory
Raises worshipper’s minds to heaven
Statues of saints inspire people to follow in their example
Stations of the cross encourage reflection on Jesus’ suffering
Side chapels: quiet space to pray and be at one with God

33
Q

Catholic Churches before the second vatican council (1965)

A

-facing Jerusalem (where Jesus died and rose again)
-built cruciform to remind people of the cross
-services said in latin, almost in silence (encourages reflection)

34
Q

Catholic churches after the second vatican council (1965)

A

-focused on ensuring that everone can see and share in the sacrifice of the mass
-built around the altar which is in the centre
-enables everybody to be involved.
-after 1965, some old churches tried to move the altar forward
-most churches now have ‘modernised’

35
Q

How is Christ present at Church

A

-concecrated bread
-God’s word proclaimed in the Bible readings
-the priest acting in persona christi (through whom Christ works, especially in consecration)
-the worshippers, as the body of christ (the Church)

“When two or three are gathered in my name, I am there among them”-matthew

36
Q

Lectern

A

-At least two readings said at it per mass
-old testament reading is a reminder of God’s guidance and promises. New testaments reminds us of Jesus’ teachings
-should be in a prominent place where all can see

37
Q

Crucifix

A

-reminds us of Jesus’ suffering for the sake of humanity and the love he gave us
-inspires gratitude and love for all that christ has done for humanity
-thanks is expressed in the Eucharist

38
Q

Altar

A

-place of sacrifice where consecration happens. Consecration linked to jesus offering his life
-every mass is a part of the paschal sacrifice: last supper, death and resurrection
-christ is present at the altar during consecration

39
Q

Tabernacle

A

-contains body and blood of christ, houses his presence
-makes it possible to deliver eucharist to those who can’t attend church
-all benefit from christ’s sacrifice

40
Q

Atonement

A

Making amends for wrongdoing

41
Q

Redemption (summary)

A

Christians believe that Jesus redeemed humanity through his death, burial, resurection and ascension.

42
Q

(Four steps to redemption) Death

A

By accepting death, Jesus fufilled Old Testament prophecies of the messiah.
-he showed obedience and continual love to God the Father during his suffering, even during his “Agony in the garden” before his arrest
-forgave his executioners
-helped restore “cosmic order”, made creation perfect again after it was broken
-there was an earthquake followed by darkeness, even though it was 3:00pm

43
Q

(Four steps to redemption) Burial

A

His body was placed in the tomb. Magisterium teaches that he “descended to hell” (Apostles’ Creed) and those who’d died before him (Moses, Abraham…) rose to heaven with him.
-shows God is with his people even in death (Jesus promised his people will follow wher he has gone)

44
Q

(Four steps to redemption) Resurrection

A

All gospels tell of resurrection, it’s not a myth
-life after death is now possible. Humans are immortal once again because sin and death can be overcome
-initially, Jesus’ followers didn’t recognise him, suggesting something had changed in him even though he was the same person
“If Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile” St Paul to the Corinthians

45
Q

(Four steps to redemption) Ascension

A

40 days after the resurrection, Jesus rose up to heaven, showing that he’s with the father.
-Christians believe they’ll also be raised to heaven
-before he left the Earth he promised to send his spirit, the continued presence of God at work in his followers.

46
Q

Four steps to redemption

A

Death, burial, ressurection, ascension

47
Q

Quote on why we should take communion

A

“Those who eat my flesh and drink my blood abide in me and I in them”

48
Q

What is salvation?

A

Individual freedom from sin, making heaven available to us.

49
Q

Salvation in the past

A

Christ’s death and resurrection

50
Q

Salvation in the Present

A

it is ongoing - sin exists
we can accept or reject God

51
Q

Salvation in the future

A

Salvation will be completed at the end of time

52
Q

Table vs Altar

A

Some christians use a table for communion as it reminds that the Mass is a reenactment of the last supper
Catholics use an altar to remind that Christ’s sacrifice is being made again by the offering of bread and wine

53
Q

Cross vs Crucifix vs Risen Christ

A

RC focuses not on suffering but joyful, freeing resurrection
Cross also omits suffering and is simpler, used other denominations
Crucifix - mostly used by Catholics

GCSE RE (11 decks)

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