Red Eye Flashcards
What is the commonest cause of red eye?
Conjunctivitis
Give some other causes of red eye
Keratitis Blepharitis Anterior uveitis Scleritis Acute closed-angle glaucoma
Random subconjunctival haemorrhage is a serious sign. True/false?
False - only significant if recurrent
What is the order of eye examination in red eye?
Facial appearance Lids Conjunctivae Cornea Anterior chamber Iris/pupil Intra-ocular pressure
What is blepharitis?
Inflammation of the eyelids
Give some causes of anterior blepharitis
Seborrhoeic
Staphylococcal
What causes posterior blepharitis?
Meibomian gland dysfunction
Give some signs of seborrhoeic anterior blepharitis
Red lid margin
Scales
Dandruff
Give some signs of staphylococcal anterior blepharitis
Red lid margins
Lid ulcers
Distorted lashes
Posterior blepharitis is associated with what disease?
Acne rosacea
How is blepharitis treated?
Lid hygiene
Tear drops
Oral doxycycline
Give some causes of conjunctivitis
Viral
Bacterial
Chlamydia
Allergy
In conjunctivitis, vision is affected/unaffected
Unaffected
What are some signs of conjunctivitis?
Red eye
Discharge
Papillae
Subconjunctival haemorrhage
Papillae are seen in viral conjunctivitis while follicles are seen in bacterial conjunctivitis. True/false?
False - papillae in bacterial while follicules in viral
What is keratitis?
Inflammation of the cornea
Central corneal ulcers are autoimmune/infective while peripheral corneal ulcers are autoimmune/infective
Central are infective and peripheral are autoimune
Give some signs and symptoms of corneal ulcers
Needle-like pain
Photophobia
Abnormal corneal reflex
Hypopyon
How is the cause of a corneal ulcer identified?
Corneal scrape
How are corneal ulcers treated?
Antimicrobial/antiviral/anti-inflammatory depending on cause
Give some autoimmune causes of anterior uveitis
Reactive arthritis
Ulcerative colitis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Sarcoidosis
What are some signs of anterior uveitis?
Reduced vision Hypopyon Anterior chamber flare/cells Keratic precipitates Small/irregular pupil
How is anterior uveitis managed?
Topical steroids
Mydriatics
Which is the more serious condition - scleritis or episcleritis?
Scleritis
Give some signs of scleritis
Blue/purple injection
Pain
How is scleritis treated?
Oral NSAIDs/steroids/DMARDs
A closed angle glaucoma is more commonly seen in myopia/hypermetropia
Hypermetriopia
What are some signs of closed angle glaucoma?
Severe pain
Nausea/vomiting
Cloudy cornea
Stony hard eye
