Clinical Anatomy Flashcards
Which muscle controls eye opening?
Superior tarsal muscle
Which muscle controls eye closing?
Orbicularis oculi
Which nerves control eye opening and eye closing?
Eye opening = CN III
Eye closing = CN VII
Orbital cellulitis is an inflammation anterior/posterior to the orbital septum
Posterior
Bulbar conjunctiva covers the eyeball/inner eyelids while palpebral conjunctiva covers the eyeball/inner eyelid
Eyeball = bulbar
Inner eyelids = palpebral
What sign on the conjunctiva suggest adenoconjunctivitis?
Bilateral velvet-like follicles
An increase/decrease in zonular fibre tension allows for near focusing
Decrease
What is found within the uvea?
Iris
Ciliary body
Choroid
Aqueous humour is produced by what?
Filtration of blood at ciliary processes
Outline the path of aqueous humour
Nourishes lens in posterior chamber and cornea in anterior chamber before draining into canal of Schlemm
A pancoast tumour may lead to compression of what structure?
Superior cervical ganglion
Which intraocular muscles are controlled by CN III?
Superior rectus Medial rectus Inferior rectus Inferior oblique Levator palpebrae superioris
CN III is in close proximity to which artery?
Posterior communicating artery
Which muscle is controlled by CN IV?
Superior oblique
Why is Hutchinson’s sign seen in herpes zoster infection of CN V?
As the trigeminal nerve supplies the tip of the nose
Which muscle is controlled by CN VI?
Lateral rectus
All rectus muscles originate at what structure?
Common tendinous ring
Why does optic neuritis cause painful eye movements?
As the optic nerve sheath is attached to the common tendinous ring
A blowout fracture will usually entrap which muscle?
Inferior rectus
What artery supplies the eye and what is it a branch of?
Ophthalmic artery - branch of internal carotid
Why is it significant that the central retinal artery is an end artery?
As emboli can lodge and cause ischaemia leading to blindness
What is found in the middle of a fundus?
Macula
What is the main vein draining the eye?
Superior ophthalmic vein
The cornea has a rich/poor supply of free nerve endings
Rich
