rebellion to charles

Question 1

charles’ scottish privy council abandons Edinburgh

Answer 1

more riots broke out after the St Giles Cathedral - in Glasgow and Edinburgh.
OCT 1637 the privy council abandoned Edinburgh

Question 2

Scottish Naitonal Covenant

Answer 2

Feb 1638
-manifesto to unite the rebellious and to maintain Presbyterianism as the religion in scotland.

Question 3

first bishops war

Answer 3

1639

Question 4

charles’ initial response to the covenant

Answer 4

allowed a glasgow general assembly
Nov 1638 they proceeded to annul canon laws and abolish episcopacy
=charles did this to delay them as he was raising an army

Question 5

when was charles’ army ready for the scottish covenanters

Answer 5

april 1639. he had 15,000 and they were untrained and unruly

Question 6

how did charles try to diffuse the 1st bishops war

Answer 6

truce of berwick june 1639 - for the disbandment of both armies. this was charles didnt want to have to recall parliament for finance.
=scottish didnt disband their army as they didnt trust charles

Question 7

when was short parliament

Answer 7

april -may 1640

Question 8

2nd bishops war

Answer 8

1640

Question 9

events in the 2nd bishops war

Answer 9

aug 1640 - the scots easily took newcastle to little resistance.

Question 10

consequences of the 2nd bishops war

Answer 10

the treaty of ripon - october 1640
charles would pay for the scottish army’s living costs while in newcastle (£850 A DAY)
=> humiliated charles and meant he had to call another parliament to finance this

Question 11

disparity in strength of armies in the bishops war

Answer 11

english 15,000 - trained bands (local militia) who were untrained and didnt trust charles. eg they rioted, committed robberies and murder

scottish: made up of veterans from the 30 years war. had expertise and devotion to the cause.

Question 12

irish divisions charles

Answer 12

-irish catholics (natives)
-catholic old english
-protestant new english
-presbytarian scots in plantations (land confiscated from the irish to build settlements for the english and scots)

Question 13

when was wentworth appointed and what

Answer 13

lord deputy of ireland 1632. he was supposed to rule the factions

Question 14

wentworth initial success

Answer 14

-enhanced the authority of the crown
-allowed the crown to profit more from ireland by increasing customs duties.

Question 15

irish rebellion

Answer 15

1641 - irish catholics were threatened by the scottish presbytarian and english protestant alliance,
and wentworth was busy in the bishops wars = absence of crown authority

launched a strike againsts protestants in ulster, killing 3000

Question 16

irish rebellion how many died

Answer 16

1641 killed 3000

Question 17

hampden case

Answer 17

1637 - gentry man John Hampden was taken to court over his refusal to pay ship tax. narrow majority (7:5) in the crown’s favour.
=charles hoped this would send a message
=> prompted debate over wider constitutional issues and the efficacy of Charles’ rule, Charles’ rule was under strain

Question 18

william fiennes

Answer 18

opposition to charles
1630 started the Providence Island Company for emigration to the West Indies. Pym was the treasurer

Question 19

short parliament what happened

Answer 19

-many in the commons were less concerned about the ‘barbaric’ scottish with an army on their border than their own King = twe charles had alienated the population
-charles offered to illegalise ship money but when he realised that more significant concessions would have to be made to get him 12 subsidies, he dissolved parliament
-charles arrested Warwick, Brooke and Fiennes from the HOL and Pym, Hampden from the HOC
=even when facing a clear crisis, he was ultimately too stubborn to work in the country’s interests.

Question 20

petition of 12 peers

Answer 20

aug 1640 - the HOL wouldnt offer charles subsidies unless he called another parliament
grievances:
-innovation in religion, increase in popery, ship money, personal rule.
=charles called another parliament = long parliament