Real Test Prep for PC2 Flashcards
Fentanyl
Brand Name: Sublimaze
Classification: Narcotic (opioid) (Schedule II)
Action: Analgesia through binding to opiate receptors
Indications: Moderate-Severe Pain and Anesthetic
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dose: 50-100 mcg
Routes: IV, IO, IM, SQ, IN
Adverse Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Cramps, Chest wall rigidity, Respiratory Depression
Other: Use Appropriate monitors. Naloxone is an antagonist
Morphine
Brand Name: Duramorph
Classification: Narcotic (opioid) (Schedule II)
Action: Analgesia and sedation through binding to opiate receptors
Indications: Moderate-severe pain
Contraindications: Hypotension and Hypersensitivity
Dose: 2-10 mg
Routes: IV, IO, IM, SQ, PO
Adverse Effects: Hypotension, Syncope, Tachycardia, Bradycardia, Apnea, Nausea, Vomiting, Respiratory depression
Other: Use appropriate monitors, Naloxone is an antagonist
Ketamine
Brand Name: Ketalar
Classification: Dissociative Anesthetic (Schedule III)
Action: Causes Dissociation between the cortical and limbic system
Indications: Sedation and Analgesia
Contraindications: History of Hypersensitivity and Hypertension
Dose: 0.5-2 mg/kg(IV) 2-4 mg/kg(IM)
Routes: IV and IM
Adverse Effects: Hallucinations
Other: All monitors should be in place. Resuscitative Equipment should be immediate available
Etomidate
Brand Name: Amidate
Classification: Nonbarbiturate, nonbenzodiazepine sedative
Action: Appears to modulate GABA receptors
Indications: Sedation
Contraindications: History of Hypersensitivity
Dose: 0.1-0.3 mg/kg
Routes: IV
Adverse Effects: Myoclonic jerks, Respiratory Depression, Laryngospasm
Other: Does not have analgesic properties. Calcium-channel blockers can prolong respiratory depression. Can cause increased cortisol levels. All monitors should be in place. Resuscitative equipment should be immediately available.
Midazolam
Brand Name: Versed
Classification: Benzodiazepine (Class IV)
Action: Binds to Type A GAGA receptors, causing sedations
Indications: Anxiety, Sedation, Seizures
Contraindications: History of Hypersensitivity
Dose: 1-5 mg
Routes: IV, IM, IO
Adverse Effects: Hypotension, Sedation, Amnesia, Amnesia, Respiratory Depression, Nausea, Vomiting
Other: Flumazenil is an antagonist
Lorazepam
Brand Name: Ativan
Classification: Benzodiazepine (Schedule IV)
Action: Binds to Type A GABA receptors, causing sedation
Indications: Anxiety, Sedation, Seizures
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dose: 1-4 mg
Routes: IV, IM, IO, PO, rectal
Adverse Effects: Hypotension, Sedation, Amnesia, Respiratory depression, Nausea, Vomiting
Other: Flumazenil is an antagonist
Atropine
Brand Name: Atropine
Classification: Anticholinergic
Action: Antagonizes acetylcholine receptors
Indications: Treat Symptomatic Bradycardias especially those arising in the Atria
Contraindications: None in emergency settings
Dose: 0.5mg repeat every 3-5 mins (max 3.0mg)
Routes: IV or IO
Adverse Effects: blurred vision, dilated pupils, dry mouth, tachycardia, drowsiness
Other: Organophosphate poisonings may require a significantly higher dose
Lidocaine
Brand Name: Xylocaine
Classification: Class 1B antiarrhythmic, local anesthetic
Action: Amide-type local anesthetic; slows depolarization and automaticity
Indications: May be considered for: V-Tach, V-fib what is unresponsive to CPR, Defib, and vasopressor therapy, or Local Anesthetic
Contraindications: Should not be administer to patients receiving IV calcium channel blockers
Dose: 1.0-1.5 mg/kg
Routes: IV
Adverse Effects: Drowsiness, Slurred Speech, Confusion, Seizures, Hypotension
Other: Use with caution when administered with other antiarrhythmics
Succinylcholine
Brand Name: Anectine
Classification: Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Action: Binds to ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction, causing depolarization and subsequent paralysis.
Indications: Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)
Contraindications: Hyperkalemia, Neuromuscular disease, Crush Injuries, Burns, Increased ICP, Severe Trauma
Dose: 1-2 mg/kg
Routes: IV, IO
Adverse Effects: Hyperkalemia, Bradycardia, Prolonged Paralysis, Malignant hyperthermia, Increased ICP, Muscle fasciculations, Trismus
Other: Should only be used by a skilled provider
Rocuronium
Brand Name: Zemuron
Classification: Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Action: Binds to ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis
Indications: Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dose: 1 mg/kg
Routes: IV, IO
Adverse Effects: Hypertension, Hypotension, Skeletal muscle weakness, Malignant Hyperthermia, Apnea
Other: Should only be used by a skilled provider
Vecuronium
Brand Name: Norcuron
Classification: Nondepolarizing neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis
Action: Binds to ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis
Indications: Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dose: 0.1-0.15 mg/kg
Routes: IV, IO
Adverse Effects: Skeletal Muscle Weakness, Malignant Hyperthermia, Apnea
Other: Should only be used by a skilled provider
