REAL LIST Flashcards
Grape-like clusters, 20% of people have it permanently
Staphylococcus aureus
Impetigo, cutaneous infections with skin, hair, and nails.
S. aureus
Found in the oral cavity, ferments sugar to acid, destroys enamel.
Streptococcus mutans
Scarlet fever, “flesh eating disease,” can cause arthritis, fever, and Saint Vitus dance.
Streptococcus pyogenes
60-70% of bacterial pneumonia, otitis media in kids, must be capsulated to be pathogenic.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcal endocarditis, normal flora.
Streptococcus agalactiae
Post-surgical infections, normal flora of large intestine.
Enterococcus faecalis
Usually an STD, can infect newborns at birth, silver nitrate.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Vaccine recommended for college students, purple rash, sepsis, lives in nasopharynx.
Neisseria meningitidis
X3, cutaneous, gastro, and pulmonary (Woolsorters).
Bacillus anthracis
Spores germinate on food and produce enterotoxin (rice).
Bacillus cereus
Gas gangrene, food poisoning with enterotoxins (not produced in food), anaerobic cellulitis, necrosis.
Clostridium perfringens
Normally in large intestine, superinfection after many antibiotics.
Clostridium difficile
Puncture wounds, burns, anaerobic areas → tetanus toxin → “lock jaw” and tetany, 100% fatality untreated, DTP vaccine.
Clostridium tetani
Botox, honey, swollen cans, nitrates in food, blood sausage.
Clostridium botulinum
Contaminated meat, milk, grows in refrigerators → listeriosis and meningitis, high rate of abortion.
Listeria monocytogenes
Infects throat through airborne droplets, causes inflammation, fever, and diphtheria = grayish pseudomembrane, DTP vaccine, localized in throat.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Tuberculosis, air droplets survive for months, years of AB to avoid resistance.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Acid fast, Leprosy, does not grow in artificial media, requires prolonged contact with infected individual, comes from armadillo, incubates.
Mycobacterium leprae
Opportunistic, in soil, metabolically versatile, pyocyanin → blue pus, causes UTIs, eye/ear infections, other nosocomial infections.
Pseudomonas sp.
Primarily in animals but can be passed to humans, cattle specific infection of the placenta that leads to abortion.
Brucella abortus
Same, but pigs.
Brucella suis
Goats, sheep, camels, undulating fever, milk.
Brucella melitensis
“Rabbit fever” or tularemia, through ticks, fleas, animal meat/skin/dust, ingestion → typhoid-like disease or inhalation → pneumonia, Ohara.
Francisella tularensis
Impairs ciliary elevator, whooping cough, most deadly in children, DTP vaccine.
Bordetella pertussis
In aquatic environments, legionnaires disease and Pontiac fever, close association with protozoa, inhalation of aerosols.
Legionella pneumophila
Black plague, infects rodents, bubonic/septicemia/pneumonic.
Yersinia pestis
Acute bacterial meningitis, primarily affects young children/elderly from adult carriers.
Haemophilus influenzae
“Pink eye” acute communicable conjunctivitis.
Haemophilus aegyptius
Causes STD known as soft chancere sore.
Haemophilus ducreyi
Rocky mountain spotted fever.
Rickettsia rickettsii
Q fever, sheep, goats, cows, milk, damage to blood vessels.
Coxiella burnetii
Most common STD, eye infections → worse blindness, NGU, PID, and lymphogranuloma venereum.
Chlamydia trachomatis
½ -⅔ of HA are caused by reinfection, adults > 50 have may have antibodies.
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Walking pneumonia, 20% of all, atypical pneumonia.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
STDs: urethritis, prostatis, vaginitis, PID, kidney infl. and miscarriage/stillbirth.
Mycoplasma hominis
Gastroenteritis, secretory diarrhea, fecal contamination, cows milk and chickens.
Campylobacter jejuni
Only transmitted b/t humans, asymptomatic carries, cholecyst.
Salmonella typhi
Non-coliform, eggs, public health issue.
Salmonella enteritis
Gastritis, stomach ulcers – stomach cancer, cats reservoir.
Helicobacter pylori
Shigellosis or bacillary dysentery, infects large intestine, shigatoxin causes erosion of intestinal lining → blood in stool.
Shigella sp.
McDonalds, travelers/infant diarrhea, colitis, strong lactose fermenter, fecal coliforms, 0157 → shiga-like toxin.
Escherichia coli (fecal)
Opportunistic, usually harmless, nosocomial.
Morganella morganii
Tropical zoonotic disease(skunks, rodents), petechial purple rash.
Leptospira interrogans
Causes a bullseye rash from a tick or lice, causes Lyme disease.
Borrelia burgdorferi
Syphilis, primarily an STD, from women to fetus (lots of issues), big with historical figures (Abe, Henry the 8th), Tuskegee, mercury and arsenic.
Treponema pallidum
Cholera, fecal contamination of food, in crustaceans, rice-water stool due to mucous, mortality 50% from dehydration.
Vibrio cholerae
Causes gastroenteritis in humans related to seafood.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
