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Reactivity Series Flashcards

ELEMENT // COMPOUND COLOUR IS DIFFERENT!!!

1
Q

H+ in reactivity series represent

A

acid

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2
Q

which 4 Reactivity Series metals react w/ water? + eqn

A

Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium
metal + H2o -> metal hydroxide + H2

i.e. 2K(s) + 2H2o(l) -> 2KOH(aq) + H2(g)

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ep_FO9CxYSFbxmf3Zqg9mgm9NNyt2enpfMDr49gufrU/edit?tab=t.0 page 14

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3
Q

which reactivity series metals react w/ steam + eqn

A

Magnesium, Aluminium, Zinc… Iron
metal + steam -> metal oxide + H2

Potassium, Sodium, Calcium
can react, 2 dangerous

i.e. Zn(s) + H2o(g) -> ZnO(s) + H2(g)

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ep_FO9CxYSFbxmf3Zqg9mgm9NNyt2enpfMDr49gufrU/edit?tab=t.0 page 14

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4
Q

define displacement in metals

A

more reactive metal
displaces less reactive metal from
salt soln

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5
Q

displacement experiement setup

A

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ep_FO9CxYSFbxmf3Zqg9mgm9NNyt2enpfMDr49gufrU/edit?tab=t.0 page 13

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6
Q

why aluminium removed from reactivity series?

A

has protective layer (Al2O3)
- Al react readily w/ Oxygen
- will not show reactivity immediately

even tho it is high up enf in reactivity series such dat it will react w/ acid

it has protective layer

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7
Q

why aluminium used, food wrapper?

A

has protective layer (Al2O3)
- will not rust

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8
Q

how cause aluminium react?

A
  1. scrape, sandpaper
  2. Place into acid, long time

  1. AlO -> amphotheric, will react w/ acid, long period time

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ep_FO9CxYSFbxmf3Zqg9mgm9NNyt2enpfMDr49gufrU/edit?tab=t.0 page 15

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9
Q

G1 metals/K, Na, Ca displacement why dont use/why bubbling?

A
  1. Soln G1 metal placed in, (aq)
  2. Sodium react w/ water violently, high reactivity
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10
Q

thermal decomposition

which metal easier decompose?

A

Less reactive metal, easier metal carbonate decompose

sulfate, nitrate, carbonate also decompose
not only carbonate

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11
Q

Why Potassium, Sodium, G1 metals formed compounds nvr thermally decompose

A

no reaction
1. K, Na vry reactive
2. (other anion) thermally stable
3. bonds formed vry strong
4. req lot of heat energy, break
5. G1 metals dont thermally decompose

  1. K, Na bonds super strong coz vry reactive.
  2. It desperately clings onto other anion
  3. ionic bonds dosent end up breaking and thermally decomposing

sulfate, nitrate, carbonate also decompose
not only carbonate

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12
Q
  1. CaO (s) + C(s) ->
  2. 2CuO (s) + C (s) ->
A
  1. reduction by carbon reaction does not happen, C less reactive, Ca
  2. reduction happens (Co2 (g) + 2Cu (s)), C more reactive, Cu

works the same way, displacement does.
C (s) is always the displacer.

**eqn: ** metal oxide + carbon -> co2 + 2cu(s)

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13
Q
  1. CaO (s) + H2 (g) ->
  2. CuO + H2 (g) ->
A
  1. reduction by hydrogen gas does not happen, H2 less reactive, Ca
  2. reduction happens (H2o (g) + 2Cu (s)), H2 more reactive, Cu

works the same way, displacement does.
H2 (g) is always the displacer.

**eqn: ** metal oxide + h2 -> h2o(l) + metal

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14
Q

does silver carbonate decompose?

A

yez
1. decompose, silver oxide Ag2O + co2

  1. 2Ag2o unstable, decompose further -> 4Ag + o2
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15
Q

.

reactivity series
list out all metals that thermally decompose

form what products?

A

all except potassium, sodium

carbonate decomposes, form metal oxide + co2

metal carbonate -> metal oxide + carbon dioxide

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16
Q

top 4 reactive metals in reactivity series…
1. desc how react in water

A

Potassium: explosive, (giving out bright flame)
Sodium: fast
Calcium: readily
Magnesium: slow

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17
Q

how determine state symbols if not given

A
  1. look for struct
  2. i.e. SMS = low mp, bp, (g)
  3. i.e. GILS = high mp, bp (s)
18
Q

metal coating
vs
sacrificial protection

advantage, disadvantage

A

metal coating:
nicer finish (aesthetics)
small hole for h2o, o2 enter, ineffective

sacrificial protection:
no need coat entire surface, need replace metal once in a while

19
Q

uses of stainless steel, mild steel, aluminium

A

stainless: surgical instruments/ stainless steel cutlery
mild: car bodies/machinery
aluminium: soft drink cans

20
Q

what does acid rain do?

A

acid rain
1. corrode limestone struct, metal
2. kill aquatic life (acidic rivers)

21
Q

does industry commonly use pure metal? if not wat use?

A

no
use alloy

22
Q

iron react w/ steam eqn is…? (unique pt)

A

reversible
3Fe (s) + 4h2o (g) -> Fe3O4 + 4H2 (g)

iron and steam
fe3o4 is unique, containing both iron (II) and (III) ions

iron rusting
fe2o3 (iron III)

23
Q

reduction, metal, C eqn

A

metal oxide + carbon -> Co2 (g) + metal

metal BELOW C reduce

For extraction of pure metal

Metal is reduced.

24
Q

reduction, metal, H2 eqn

A

metal oxide + H2 (g) -> metal + water vapour

metal BELOW H+ reduce

For extraction of pure metal

Metal is reduced.

25
Q

Y reactive metal greater tendency displace less reactive metal

A
  1. more reactive metal, greater tendency lose electrons
  2. than less reactive metal
  3. forming cations
26
Q

explain sacrificial protection

A
  1. more reactive metal attach less reactive metal
  2. more reactive metal oxidise, corrode first
  3. e.g. zinc bars on hull on steel ships
  4. replace regularly
  5. less exp, replace entire steel struct
27
Q

explain galvanising

A

coating less reactive metal w/ zinc

type of sacrificial protection

coating dmg -> still sacrificial protection

28
Q

explain use alloys prevent rusting method

A

contain Nickel, Chromium, rust-resistant alloys i.e. stainless steel

Ni, Cr cause Fe to not rust easily in stainless steel
only iron rust.

29
Q

use protective layer prevent rust/oxidation

A
  1. apply coat, paint
  2. oil: machinery parts
  3. metal coating: food cans
  4. plastic coating: kitchenware
30
Q

what happens, rusting of iron

A

slow oxidation + exposed 2 water, oxygen in air,
iron, form hydrated iron(III) oxide (rust)

31
Q

define rust

A

flaky red-brown substance

32
Q

rusting of iron chem formula

A

4Fe + 3O2 + 2xH2o -> 2Fe2O3.xH2o (s)

iron + oxygen + water -> hydrated iron (III) oxide

33
Q

what increases rate of rusting

A

presence of sodium chloride

34
Q

which metals extracted by what method

A

electrolysis, molten ore: PSCMA

heating metal oxide w/ carbon // reduction w/ carbon: ZITLHCS

physical methods: GT

35
Q

ore

A

compounds, metals
mixed w/ earth, rocks

36
Q

which metals rust?

A

ONLY IRON
rest corrode/oxidise

37
Q

after CuO reduced by H2 (g) in a hot env.,

H2 (g) is continuously allowed to flow through until surrounding temp cools down

why is that so?

A

prevent copper (II) react w/ H2o (g) in air forming CuO again

as temp is high enf, reaction w/ moisture in air to occur

38
Q

what is magnesium fuse for in displacement reaction

A

provide energy,
displacement reaction

39
Q

atomic size means…

A

atomic radii

40
Q

reduction need heat?

A

SOME
need heat energy, reduce metal oxide -> metal

41
Q

metal another state besides (s)

A

molten state
(l)
only if stated.

Chem (17 decks)

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